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and 500 mL (26.25 g of NaOCl) bleach were applied to potted longan plants in a 17-3/4-inch-diameter (1.72 ft 2 ) pot. Leachate collected 4 weeks after treatment contained 173.3 ± 7.1 mg·L −1 of chlorate from pots treated with 26.25 g KClO 3 and 8

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, 29 Aug., and 21 Sept. 2016, plants were visually rated for powdery mildew as described. On 20 Oct. 2016, the study was ended and plants were harvested as described. Substrate leachate was collected biweekly in 2016 (13 sampling dates from 19 Apr. to 7

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initial study, different rates were incorporated in soil with and without fertilizers. Leachate, nitrates, and plant growth were then monitored throughout the study. In an additional study, the effects of cornstarch-based SAP on tomatoes subject to

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measure SPAD reading), and pH and electrical conductivity (EC) in the leachate (using the pour-through extraction method) were measured monthly. Plants were watered before collecting the leachate. After the container has drained for 30 min, 100 mL water

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uptake of 12- to 18-month-old azalea plants under different combinations of N and P fertility, develop N and P budgets, and recommend fertility rates that optimize growth and nutrient uptake efficiency, yet minimize nutrient leachate potential

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Gawel, 2004 ). Reducing water and fertilizer use and managing leachate are also key to sustainable container production systems ( Biernbaum, 1992 ; Uva et al., 1998 ). Research has demonstrated the efficiencies of subirrigation with recirculation in

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quality. LF testing monitors the amount of leachate (container drainage) that results from irrigation. The LF is defined as the amount of leachate divided by the amount of irrigation water that was applied to the container. Because LF testing measures

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for growers interested in optimizing water use. Cyclic irrigation also has been demonstrated to reduce nutrient losses to container leachate to provide growers more control over crop nutrient use and to yield greater crop growth. In a comparison of

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conductivity (EC), NH 4 + -N, NO 3 – -N, NO 2 – -N, and total N of leachate from plant/container units. These five plant species were chosen because they are popular container-grown crops, and N requirements vary among the five species. Preliminary trials

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of fertilizer to be applied. Reducing the leaching fraction (volume of leachate divided by the volume of irrigation water) from 0.4–0.6 to 0.0–0.2 decreased N and P leaching losses by greater than 60% for Cotoneaster dammeri grown in 3.8-L

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