against 120-grit sandpaper until the seed coat was penetrated or was soaked in gibberellic acid (GA 3 ; 100 and 500 mg·L −1 , respectively) for 2 h. All tests were carried out in a growth chamber (Yi-Heng Technology Co., Ltd., model MGC-300A, series Blue
) documented improved kentucky bluegrass establishment when seed coated with diatomaceous earth and cytokinins was used compared with uncoated seed or seed coated with diatomaceous earth only. To prevent seedling diseases, coatings treated with fungicides were
. Permeability test and gross anatomical observations Agarose was added to deionized water saturated with fluorescent tracer (coumarin 151) and microwaved. The solution (0.6% w/v) was poured into 9-cm petri dishes and cooled at room temperature. Seed coats were
.R. Frazier, W. Varseveld, G. 1981 ‘Oregon 91’ green bean HortScience 16 230 10.21273/HORTSCI.16.2.230a Ballard, L. 1973 Physical barriers to germination Seed Sci. Technol. 1 285 303 Bassett, M.J. 2007 Genetics of seed coat color and
.g., seed coat and endosperm). Previous studies revealed that germination is a complex process and the presence of endogenous inhibitors is the major reason for the physiological dormancy in many plants ( Paiva and Prudente, 2018 ; Samajdar et al., 2018
Ching, T.M. 1959 Activation of germination in Douglas-fir seed by hydrogen peroxide Plant Physiol. 34 557 563 Christiansen, M.N. Moore, R.P. 1959 Seed coat structural differences that influence water uptake and seed quality in hard seed cotton Agron. J
, seed coat cracks and total soluble solids in watermelon and their genetic relations. II. Quantitative characters and the association between various characters Acta Agronomica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 34 84 89 Centers for
Allavena, A. 1989 Modification of the seed coat color associated to the I gene conferring resistance to BCMV Annu. Rpt. Bean Improv. Coop. 32 90 91 Andersen, A.L. Down, E.E. 1956 Agronomic use of an x
soaking seeds in warm water (40 to 45 °C) to soften seed coats before cracking the testa with a rubber mallet and extracting the seeds. To break seed dormancy, seeds were placed in sand media (saturated to reach field capacity), wrapped in gauze, and then
( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and swede rods ( Brassica napus var. napobrassica ) processed by methods used in catering J. Sci. Food Agr. 90 1245 1255 Bassett, M.J. 2007 Genetics of seed coat color and pattern in common bean Plant Breeding Rev. 28 239 315 Bassett