Dorfflung, 1985 ), and proteins ( Guy, 1990 ) occur during acclimation in plants. Carbohydrates may play an important role in osmotic adjustment contributing to avoidance of intracellular freezing. In addition to carbohydrates, plants accumulate proline
growth and quality of drought-stressed creeping bentgrass, kentucky bluegrass, and tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea ) and is associated with a reduction in water loss and increased osmotic adjustment ( Jiang and Huang, 2001 ; McCann and Huang, 2008
findings also indicate eventual consequences for any tissue in which sugar is overexploited to achieve osmotic adjustment. When salinity is high, tension in the xylem is often high ( Fig. 3C ), and tension must be managed or xylem vessels will embolize
osmotic adjustment of plant vegetative organs in response to water deficit ( Dichio et al., 2003 ; Joly and Zaerr, 1987 ; RuÃz-Sánchez et al., 1993 ; Saito and Terashima, 2004 ). Osmotic adjustment of apple fruit was observed in the early growth season
significant difference in TR and a smaller reduction in g l by high EC treatment in the reproductive growth stage than in the vegetative growth stage might be because of the plant's osmotic adjustment after prolonged exposure to high EC. Osmotic adjustment
involved in cell osmotic adjustment (OA) and protection of cell components during dehydration ( Zhang et al., 2009 ). Osmotic adjustment helps to maintain cell turgor, which can allow cell enlargement and plant growth during water stress; and it can allow
considered to dissipate light thermally by a radiationless process ( Havaux and Tardy, 1999 ). Osmotic adjustment will occur under this circumstance to help maintain cell turgor and leaf water content within an operational range ( Corcuera et al., 2002 ). The
treatments during the experiment, and RW plants were able to maintain osmotic adjustment ( Fig. 2C ). It is well known that osmotic adjustment involves the net accumulation of solutes in a cell in response to salinity ( Ghoulam et al., 2002 ). Consequently
avoids drought by entering summer dormancy ( Ervin and Koski, 1998 ), sometimes referred to as quiescence. However, once adequate moisture is again available, plants will resume active growth ( Laude, 1953 ). Osmotic adjustment is another drought
acids could improve plant stress tolerance through osmotic adjustment ( Serraj and Sinclair, 2002 ), and/or serve as storage forms of carbon and nitrogen for future use in absence or less stressful environments ( Greenway and Munns, 1980 ). About 18 free