-ARS (Beltsville, MD), in his work to broaden the germplasm base of the highbush blueberry. The parents were included in a multistate trial to characterize germplasm that might be tolerant of mineral soils ( Scheerens et al., 1999a , 1999b ). In that research, US
affect onion growth. During sowing and seedling growth, a typhoon or heavy rain could inundate seed beds, resulting in excessive soil moisture and poor root systems. In addition, high temperatures could cause poor seed germination or infestation of soil-borne
cosmetic damage on the fruits. Although bittermelon is attacked by nematodes, it is relatively insect-free from all of the other pests mentioned. Bittermelon ( Mormodica charantia ) is a native of India. It is approximately the size of a zucchini but warty
an effective means of managing many economically significant soil-borne pathogens that affect tomato ( Louws et al., 2010 ). Although the main driver for grafting is the imparted resistance, numerous studies indicate that rootstocks may improve
Ntoulia 1 is purple–brown, whereas that of the cultivar Ntoulia 2 is brown. The length of internodes of both cultivars is medium. Lateral branches are borne from the axils of old wood (more than 2 years) before the leaf buds open. The trees do not have
the use of sterile, well-drained, soilless media and drip irrigation provides increased protection from bacterial wilt ( Ralstonia solanacearum ), a soil-borne and waterborne disease common in the lowland tropics ( Champoiseau et al., 2009 ; RamÃrez
and a pH range of 6.2–6.8. When grown on nutrient poor soils, supplementary fertilization improves plant vigor. Drainage is essential to reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases such as phytophthora root rot. Similar to culinary pepper production
, successful solutions to the challenges beginning gardeners face, encouraging them to garden. Professionals and volunteers are well aware of the complexities and idiosyncrasies of local conditions, pest problems, soil fertility, plant varieties, and other
( Fernandez-Salvador et al., 2015 ). Blueberry plants are adapted to soils with low pH (4.5–5.5) and high OM (>4%) ( Hart et al., 2006 ). Organic and conventional growers are interested in using composts because of hypothesized OM, nutrient, and
root zone, particularly in sandy soils. Synthetic pesticide use (and consequently input costs) can be reduced or eliminated dramatically, although under such conditions, some insect or disease pests may require vigilant monitoring (e.g., black cherry