establishment. We hypothesized that preplant fertilization with large volumes of nutrient solution can 1) reduce substrate salinity, 2) replace Na with nutritional cations, and 3) enhance blueberry establishment. Our rationale was that the fertilizer solution
irrigation and fertilization of mature ‘Redblush’ grapefruit trees on spodosols in Florida J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 102 394 402 Maust, B.E. Williamson, J.G. 1991 Nitrogen rate effect on growth of containerized citrus nursery plants Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc
Generalized recommendations for the southeastern U.S. would typically include soil testing well in advance of establishment. Lime, P, and K should be applied at least 2 weeks before planting. Nitrogen is either broadcast and incorporated before planting or sidedressed 2 to 4 weeks after planting at 30 to 70 kg·ha–1. Additional N at 30 to 65 kg·ha–1 is applied late August to mid-September. A late winter N application at 20 to 30 kg·ha–1 is suggested for sandy soils. On established plantings fertilization takes place at renovation, with P and K being applied based on soil test or foliar analysis results. Nitrogen rates are typically in the range of 35 to 60 kg·ha–1. Later season fertilization generally follows the rates and timings of fall and winter recommendations of the establishment year. Minor nutrients can be limiting on sandy soils and B may be required in a wider range of soil types.
Clingstone peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. Allgold] trees were fertilized once with 45 or 90 kg N/ha at budbreak or twice with 22.5 or 45 kg N/ha at budbreak and after harvest. A nonfertilized control was included. Fruits from all treatments were made into puree, and objective and subjective qualities were evaluated. Puree from the N treatments and the control did not show significant differences in Color Difference Meter (CDM) `L' and hue angle, pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids concentration (SSC), SSC: TA ratio, viscosity, ascorbic acid, Ca, K, phenolic and nitrates concentration. Puree from the control and 22.5 kg N/ha applied twice had significantly lower CDM `a', `b', and chroma values than from the other treatments. The split applications of N significantly reduced levels of Ca and ascorbic acid. N rate and number of applications interacted for `a' and K. When N was applied twice at 22.5 kg·ha-1, `a' and K decreased, but this response was absent when N was applied twice at 45 kg·ha-1. Puree from the nonfertilized control was rated lower by panelists for sensory quality than that from the fertilized trees. Peach puree from trees fertilized once with 45 kg N/ha at budbreak had the best overall sensory quality.
Spathiphyllum Schott. 'Mauna Loa Supreme' grown for 6 months in a fine sand soil or a 5 pine bark: 4 sedge peat: 1 sand medium (by volume) were fertilized with 7.6g N, 1.4g P, and 4.5g K/3.5-liter container by 4 different methods. The same raw fertilizer prills (21N-3P-12K) were applied weekly as a liquid, monthly as soluble granules, bimonthly as a lightly resin-coated fertilizer (Osmocote), or every 6 months as a heavily resin-coated fertilizer. All leachates were collected and were measured and analyzed weekly for N O3, PO4, and K. Spathiphyllum grew best in the sand soil with either of the controlled release formula- tions, but fertilization method had no effect on growth in the potting medium. Nitrate and K leaching losses from the potting medium were lowest from the controlled release fertilizers and highest from the soluble granules. Liquid fertilization resulted in the highest amounts of PO4 lost to leaching and controlled release fertilizers the least. In the fine sand soil, NO3 leaching was equivalent from all methods. Soluble granules had the highest levels of leached K and PO4 and the lightly-coated fertilizer lost the least due to leaching.
effect of plant nutrition in general ( Golcz et al., 2006 ; Sifola and Barbieri, 2006 ; Singh et al., 2004a ; Topalov, 1962 ; Zheljazkov, 1998 ) and N fertilization ( Arabaci and Bayram, 2004 ; Golcz et al., 2006 ; Sifola and Barbieri, 2006 ; Singh
environmental factors such as irrigation or fertilization. In the current study, supplementing CO 2 increased shoot dry weight of geranium ‘Pinto Premium Rose Bicolor’ by 34.7% and fountain grass by 38.5%, which is within the range reported by other studies for
by many growers in an effort to irrigate and fertilize more efficiently. Cyclic irrigation, which applies daily irrigation via multiple smaller applications, can be used to apply reduced irrigation volumes, and can reduce water and nutrient leaching
Abstract
Nitrate and K ions did not accumulate significantly in the irrigation reservoir when the leachate from Osmocote 14N-6.1P-11.6K or constant liquid fertilization (CLF) was utilized. No accumulation of salts occurred whether ‘Scarlet Sophia’ marigolds (Tagetes patula L.) were irrigated by capillary mat or trickle tube. With one exception, plants fertilized with Osmocote 14N-6.1P-11.6K at the recommended rate (lx) or twice (2x) the recommended rate produced plants equal to or better than CLF at 100 ppm N. Except for recycled CLF, macronutrient content of plant tissues was within acceptable ranges. Fertilizer treatments did not affect the number of days to flower. The combination of Osmocote fertilization and capillary mat irrigation was more effective in producing high-quality plants than Osmocote fertilization and trickle-tube irrigation. Tap-water utilization was reduced substantially by using recycled water.
treatments via fertigation with a dedicated drip tape as described later. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete-block design, replicated six times, and repeated for 2 years. Crop management. Fertilization practices were based on available