), which perform mowing without requiring an operator. They can be programmed by the user to perform optimal turf maintenance and usually operate every day. Since autonomous mowers typically are programmed to cut every day, the clipping debris is smaller
CC is most often developed from plant or tree debris, it is widely available near major cities and municipalities. The use of MC in vegetable production has been evaluated by Wang et al. (1984) , Rhoads and Olson (1995) , and Stephens et al. (1990
weeks (29 Aug. 2011) the sedum cultivars were transplanted into a field plot with a Maury silt loam series (mesic Typic Paleudalfs) soil that had been cleared of debris and tilled. Liriope reached a marketable size at 12 weeks after transplanting into
®; Partec, Münster, Germany) for 1 to 2 min at 25 °C. The preparation was then filtered using Partec CellTrics® disposable filters to remove debris. Nuclei were stained with 1.5 mL 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining buffer and incubated again at 25 °C
collection, the seeds were manually cleaned of excess floral parts and other debris with a screen and stored in sealed plastic bags under ambient laboratory conditions (22.8 °C, 27.5% relative humidity) for 2 to 4 months before undergoing testing. Pre
. The experiment was replicated three times. Each sample was homogenized in 1.0 mL of 80% (v/v) acetone using a pestle in an Eppendorf tube. After removing cellular debris by centrifugation, the supernatant containing chlorophyll was diluted 1:10 (v
mowed to 3.8 cm with a rotary mower, debris was removed, and the seedbed received two additional passes with a vertical mower set to a depth of ≈1.3 cm. Perennial ryegrass (Manhattan IV perennial ryegrass; Pure Seed Testing, Inc., Hubbard, OR) and tall
.T. Gilbertson, R.L. 2001 The role of crop debris and weeds in the epidemiology of bacterial leaf spot of lettuce in California Plant Dis. 85 169 178 Bull, C.T. Goldman, P.H. Hayes, R. Madden, L.V. Koike, S.T. Ryder, E. 2007 Genetic diversity of lettuce for
media and plants rather than to irrigation water. It was noted that after ≈1 month from the start of Expt. 2, a significant water flow reduction was observed in the sand filter treatment over time, likely due to clogging of the sand filter by debris or
. The students would go to the restoration sites to conduct project maintenance such as removing storm debris, pruning trees, installing new plant material, or adding sediment after major storm events. Physical and chemical monitoring could include