Search Results
Abstract
Moisture content and levels of pectin pectylhydrolase (PE) and poly (1,4-α-D-galacturonide) glycanohydrolase (PG) were evaluated for eight commercial cultivars of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) over four harvest periods. Moisture content varied from 80.8% to 91.7%. Cultivar and harvest period moisture contents differed significantly. PE activity ranged from 208 to 896 units/g dry pod tissue, and PG ranged from 7.1 to 16.6 units/g dry pod tissue. Lines chosen to represent firm-podded, canned snap bean types exhibited higher enzyme activity levels than soft-podded types.
Anthers from. three tomato cultivars, `L-680A', `Ailsa Craig', and `Licato', were plated on DBM1 medium solidified with one of four solidifying agents, Bacto-agar, Gelrite, Noble agar, or Phytagar, to evaluate their ability to promote initiation and growth of tomato anther callus. The optimum concentration of each solidifying agent was compared with a liquid control. Optimum levels of the various solidifying agents were (in g·liter-1) Phytagar, 5; Gelrite, 3; Noble agar, 6 and Bacto-agar, 8. Both the number and diameter of calluses were affected by type of solidifying agent and anther genotype. Significant interactions were also found between tomato cultivars and solidifying agent. Noble agar produced good results with `L-680A' and `Ailsa Craig', but not with `Licato'. Bacto-agar reduced the number and size of callus by 38% when compared with the liquid treatment and by 42% when compared with the best agar treatment (Noble agar).
Abstract
A comparison of inheritance patterns and heritability estimates from a NCII crossing model which included green and red cabbage, Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group, indicated differences between green × green and red × green crosses. Green × green crosses exhibited dominance for few non-wrapper leaves, greater efficiency index, and smaller leaf size while red × green crosses showed the opposite dominance pattern.
Abstract
A comparison of inheritance patterns and heritability estimates from a NCII crossing model which included green and red cabbage, Brassica oleracea L. (Capitata group) indicated differences between green × green and red × green crosses. Green × green crosses exhibit dominance for early maturity, large head weight, small non-wrapper leaf weight and small stalk weight while red × green crosses exhibit the opposite dominance pattern.
Three tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars were studied to determine the effect of nine dark-light regimes on anther callus initiation and growth. Prophase I (leptotene) stage anthers of `L-680A', `Licato', and `Ailsa Craig' were plated on Doy's basal medium 1 and provided with 2 to 10 weeks of dark treatment. After each dark period, each plate was transferred to a 16-hour photoperiod for the duration of the 10-week experiment. At this time, the number of anthers producing calli and the diameter of the calli produced were recorded. Callus number and diameter increased as the dark period duration increased. Callus diameter peaked at 8 weeks of dark treatment for `Ailsa Craig' and `Licato', whereas `L-680A' calli continued to grow over the entire 10-week dark treatment. Although the number and size of callus may continue to increase past 8 weeks of dark incubation, callus quality and appearance decreased noticeably during this period. For each additional week of dark period exposure, 7% more of the plated anthers produce callus, and callus diameter increases by 0.27 mm (12% of total growth). -
Abstract
A cross between rutabaga and cauliflower was achieved by crossing Brassica napus cv. York × B. oleracea cv. Greenball. The characteristics of the F1 differed from rutabaga and were for the most part intermediate between the two parents.
Abstract
Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsumura and Nakai] juice samples of ‘Allsweet’ and ‘Crimson Sweet’ were stored at 0° and −30°C. Concentrations of fructose, glucose, and sucrose were determined by using HPLC over a period of 44 days at 2- to 7-day intervals. Changes in sugar concentrations suggest that sucrose is hydrolyzed to fructose and glucose within a period of 10 days for samples stored at 0°. A 19.6% decrease in total sugar concentration was observed after 37 days storage. A 17.8% sugar loss also was observed in samples stored at −30° for 37 days.
Abstract
Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsumura and Nakai], cultivars ‘Allsweet’, ‘Charleston Gray’, ‘Crimson Sweet’, and ‘Iopride’ were grown from transplants at Ames, Iowa, harvested at 4-day intervals for a total of 11 harvests. Carbohydrates from fruit juice extracts were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography, and flesh color was determined by using a colorimeter. The reducing sugars, fructose and glucose, generally increased in concentration from 20 to about 36 days after anthesis and thereafter declined in each of the 4 cultivars. Sucrose was measurable in the fruit tissue 20 days after anthesis and thereafter increased. Total sugar concentration increased from 20–60 days after anthesis, with its most rapid increase occurring between 20 and 36 days. For the 4 cultivars sampled, relative sweetness index and total sugar concentration values were similar. Results confirm that ‘Charleston Gray’ develops its maximum red flesh color before reaching maximum sweetness. Such a developmental pattern may have a negative affect on per capita consumption when fruits are harvested on the basis of flesh color rather than edible quality.
Abstract
Sprays of ammonium ethyl carbamoyl-phosphonoate (Krenite), applied to the tops of mature Lisbon lemon trees [Citrus limon (L). Burml.] resulted in significant inhibition of re-growth for over 3 years. One spray increased yield over the control trees (hand topped annually), while 2 sprays reduced yield. The sprays did not effect the N concentration in the leaves.