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- Author or Editor: Silvio L. Teixeira x
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of orientation and scarification of apple leaf discs on the callogenesis and organogenesis. Leaf discs were collected from 4-months old apple seedlings cv.Hawai along the midrib of the first pair of basal leaves. The treatments included the touching of the medium with the abaxial and adaxial surface and scarification and no-scarification of midribs. The leaf discs being placed in test tubes contained 10ml of a HS medium added to vitamin B5 in mg/l:BAP (3,0); NAA (0.30); myo-inositol (100.0) glycine (2.0). Sucrose was added to the rate of 30.0g/l and agar 6.0g/l. After three weeks in dark condition and one month more in 16-hour photoperiod in a growth room at 23–25°C; 2000–2500 lux, the experiment was evaluated. Callus promptly formed at the cut surfaces and was both influenced by the surface touching the medium and scarification. Adaxial surface allows a better callus formation (100.0%) whereas abaxial ones promoted it partially (61.2%). Scarification did not improve the % of callus culture formed. No adventitious buds were observed and it was claimed to be due to the explants age. The better performance for the adaxial explants was due to the palisade parenchyma which is the last tissue to cease growth and cellular division
The aim of this work was to study different apple of somatic material as callus and adventitious shoots are concerned, for further utilization in the research of somaclonal variation. The somatic materials were: leaf discs, cotyledons and hypocotyls of Gala apple seedlings, cultivated in a MS medium added by B5 vitamins in addition to (in mg/l): BAP (1,0), NAA (0,5) mio-inositol (100,0) sucrose (30,0 g/l) and solidified in agar (6,0 g/l). The several times of explant exposition to the dark affected the final callus weight. Callus weight derived from leaf discs were higher than those for cotyledons and hypocotyls. Explants exposed directly under light or up to two weeks in the dark showed less percentage of regenerative callus as compared to those of three weeks in the dark. The leaf explants presented the highest percentage of regenerative callus. The least response was obtained for those derived from hypocotyls. The highest number of adventitious shoots was obtained keeping the explants three weeks in the dark as compared to directed light exposition.