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- Author or Editor: Shahrokh Khanizadeh x
Considerable variability in susceptibility to two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) were observed for the strawberry cultivars used as parents and some of our promising selections. Large variation was observed for 9-octadecenal oil composition followed by linalool, C9H1002, decanal, β-cyclocitral, α-terpineol and (Z)-3-hexenol. The purpose of this research was to identify the relative susceptibility of selected strawberry lines to TSSM in relation to leaf essential oil composition. One objective of our breeding program is the early identification of susceptible lines and/or seedlings so that they can be eliminated prior to field trials.
UniBase is a Windows-based (95, 98, NT, 2000, or XP) user-friendly software package that was developed for those who are interested in creating their own instant databases, add information to an existing databases or import data and images from Excel in a choice of languages. The software is very useful for germplasm inventory (fruit crops, vegetables, ornamentals, agronomic crops, weeds, chemicals, insects, pests, animals, etc.) and can be used in any breeding program (animal, horticulture, agronomy, etc.) to trace pedigrees and view images and characteristics of progenies. The database can be searched using various criteria and the use of several operators. An unlimited number of images can be stored for each entry and several graphic formats including BMP, JPEG, GIF, TIFF, etc., can be used. Additional information on UniBase and available data and images can be obtained from the authors.
Leaves of three strawberry cultivars (Bounty', `Honeoye', and `Kent') were collected at random from plants growing in an experimental trial at the Agriculture Canada, Research Station farm at Lavaltrie, Quebec. Steam-distillation was carried out on 300g of leaves in 3L of distilled water in a 5L flask. The essential oils were analyscd with a Varian 6000 gas chromatogmph. Thirty-seven compounds were detected of which sixteen were identified. The major components were linalool and nonanal. Many of the other constituents were aliphatic in nature. Differences in oil composition among the three cultivars were observed. Essential oil composition might therefore be used as a selection criteria for insect or disease resistance. Their effect upon mites will be assayed in future studies by testing them as sex, food, or oviposition lures.
The xenial and metaxenial effects of five different male sources on cross pollination of three pistachio cultivars, were studied in 1990 and 1991 in Rafsanjan/Iran. The pollen grains used were P. atlantica Desf., P. mutica F.& M., P. vera L. (Momtaz), P. vera L. (Soltani), and an open pollination. The female cultivars chosen were `Owhadi', `Kalleh-ghuchi', and `Momtaz', which occupy the largest cultivation area. Experiment was done in two successive years in a completely randomized design. Results of this study agreed with previous studies regarding the retardance of pistachio nut development by wild pollen species rather than P. vera L. The greatest change in various characteristics of nuts, e.g., kernel weight and shell splitting, occurred when P. mutica F.& M. pollen grains used followed by P. atlantica Desf. pollen grains. Thus, some manifestations of xenia and metaxenia could be inferred. In general, larger kernels and increased shell dehiscence resulted from the use of P. vera L. pollen grains. Greater kernel weight of `Kalleh-ghuchi', higher shell splitting of `Momtaz', and higher blank of `Owhadi' produced by pollination with P. vera L. in some extent could also be cultivar characteristics.
Promising 1989 strawberry selections from the Agriculture Canada/McGill Univ. breeding program have been evaluated since 1990 at three different sites in Quebec. `Kent', `Glooscap', `Honeoye', `Bounty', and `Veestar' were used for comparison. Yield, average fruit weight at each harvest, firmness, color, taste, and other fruit characteristics were evaluated. SJ89288-2 had the highest yield with large fruit. SJ89700-1 and SJ89264-6 produced similar yield to `Kent' and `Glooscap', with firm and large fruit. SJ89700-1 had bright red skin color and SJ89264-6 had bright pale red color. Both are suitable from fresh-market and pick-your-own (PYO). SJ8976-1, another selection, had a firm, large, bright pale red fruit. All four selections have good shelf life quality and will be tested at four sites during 1993–95.
Three mathematical indices were developed to estimate: 1) potential for early dollar return or early ripening (IE), 2) concentrated cropping (IC), and 3) deviation or similarity of a genotype to known cultivars (ID). Early ripening genotypes with high yield early in the season will have larger IE values than late genotypes with lower yield early in the season. Genotypes with few harvests will have larger IC values than those requiring several harvests. The ID index helps to identify and group genotypes with similar characteristics. These indices condense numerous values or arrays of traits into single index values, thereby simplifying genotype comparisons.