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- Author or Editor: Richard L. Fery x
The USDA has released a new, pinkeye-type southernpea cultivar that is homozygous for the gc gene conditioning the green cotyledon trait. The new cultivar, `Charleston Greenpack', can be harvested at the near-dry stage of pod maturity without loss of the pea's fresh green color. `Charleston Greenpack' originated as a bulk of an F8 [`Kiawah' × (`Kiawah' × `Bettergreen')] population grown in 1994. Except for the green seed color, a tendency for a slightly greener foliage, and a slightly smaller pea size, the phenotype of `Charleston Greenpack' is quite similar to those of `Coronet' and `Pinkeye Purple Hull-BVR'. The results of replicated field tests indicate that `Charleston Greenpack' yields are comparable to those of `Coronet' and `Pinkeye Purple Hull-BVR'. Results of raw product evaluations conducted at a commercial freezing facility indicate that `Charleston Greenpack' produces an excellent processed product. `Charleston Greenpack' has excellent field resistance to blackeye cowpea mosaic virus, the major pathogen of southernpea in the United States.
The use of multidisciplinary teams has been the key to making progress in the development of insect resistant southernpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars; both the plant breeder and the entomologist have primary program responsibilities. The basic approach encompasses three separate but interrelated phases: 1) evaluation of germplasm collections to locate needed sources of resistances, 2) genetic studies to determine the inheritance of resistances, and 3) breeding programs to transfer resistance genes into adapted germplasm. The basic approach must usually be supplemented by concurrent research to, determine the nature and value of resistances and to develop evaluation procedures, selection criteria, and plant breeding methodologies. Selected examples from research projects on southernpea (resistances to cowpea curculio, southern green stinkbug, leaf footed bug, leaf miners, and thrips) and tomato (resistances to tomato fruitworm, tobacco hornworm, and Colorado potato beetle) will be used to illustrate approaches and methodologies.