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Abstract
Of 20 growth regulating materials applied as sprays at various rates to sour orange (C. aurantium L.) and rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush.) seedlings, 3 reduced plant height by increasing branching and 5 retarded growth generally, some with extreme morphological effects. There were response differences between the sour orange and rough lemon seedlings.
Abstract
The performance of ‘Marsh’ grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) and ‘Valencia’ sweet orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb.] on 18 rootstocks was evaluated with trees spaced 3.1 × 4.6 m and planted in 1968 in a deep, sandy soil. Rootstocks had significant effects on tree size, yield, production efficiency (kg of fruit/m3 of canopy), fruit quality and the quantity of soluble solids/tree. The largest, most productive trees were generally those on rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush.) in contrast to the smallest trees on the hybrid C. sunki Hort. ex Tanaka × Swingle trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata Raf.). Rootstocks that showed promise for use in close-spaced plantings were Rubidoux trifoliate orange, Rusk citrange (P. trifoliata × C. sinensis) Koethen sweet orange × Rubidoux, Rangpur lime (C. limonia Osb.) × Troyer citrange, and a mandarin.
Abstract
Four commercial formulations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), including 3 oil-soluble amines and one low volatile ester were tested at 2 rates in plots of established budded citrus nursery stock. Five rootstocks budded to ‘Pineapple’ orange scions were evaluated for damage from spray applications to trunks. All amine salt formulations caused varying degrees of damage to the bark (below soil line) and root systems, with little or none from the ester. Rootstock sensitivity to 2,4-D formulations was highly significant with trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L.) and the hybrid ‘Carrizo’ citrange being most tolerant and rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.), ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco), and sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) least tolerant.
This study was carried out to determine the influences of planting date (June, July) and soil applications of Trichoderma harzianum (strain T-95) and a fungicide containing ethazole + thiophanate (BanrotR) on flower production of standard carnation cvs. Improved White and Tanga. The one-year production data showed that the fungicide treatment increased flower yield by 7.3% (33.5 flowers/m2) and 4.8% (23.3 flowers/m2) in Improved White and Tanga, respectively, for June planting. Improved White produced more flowers and fancy grades when planted in July as compared to June planting. Planting date did not influence either the yield or the flower quality in Tanga. The effectiveness of Trichoderma as a biological control agent on flower yield and quality was not evident. The patterns of weekly flower production for the two cultivars were determined and graphically illustrated.
Abstract
Trees of ‘Bearss’ lemon [Gtrus limon (L.) Burm. f] in Florida produce numerous undesirable sprouts on scaffold limbs following severe pruning. Considerable time and expense is involved in removing these by hand. Several formulations containing naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) singly and in combination with ethyl hydrogen 1-propylphosphonate (EHPP) were applied to determine if these sprouts could be satisfactorily controlled with chemicals. NAA by itself was effective and caused no abnormalities in new growth. The addition of EHPP increased sprout inhibition in some cases, but some leaf loss and distortion occurred.