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- Author or Editor: Panchanoor S. Devanand x
Six date varieties from Egypt, one `Deglet Noor' and four `Medjool' date accessions from California, and 66 accessions of `Medjool' date from Morocco, the country of origin of `Medjool' date, were examined using four sets of fluorescent labeled amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 402 AFLP bands were generated and 160 were polymorphic (39.8%). The 66 `Medjool' accessions from Morocco shared minimum 79% of genetic similarity. These results support the hypothesis that `Medjool' date is a landrace variety and not a genetically uniform variety. `Medjool' is the first confirmed landrace variety of date palm worldwide. This raises the possibility that other landrace varieties of date palm may exist in different date-growing areas and in centers of diversity. The confirmation of a landrace variety of date palm also has significant impact on future date palm germplasm collection and preservation. The mechanism(s) creating the genetic variation within `Medjool' accessions remains unknown. One possible mechanism is that spontaneous genetic changes could occur frequently within vegetative tissues of date palm like offshoots under high temperature and drought stresses.
Cowpea (2n=2x=22) is a high protein, short-cycle, and essential legume food crop of the tropics, especially in the low input agricultural areas of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and South America. Lack of genetic diversity within breeding programs can limit long-term gains from selection. The cowpea gene pool is thought to be narrow and the genetic diversity within breeding programs could be even less diverse. Genetic relationships among 87 cowpea accessions, including 60 advanced breeding lines from six breeding programs in Africa and the United States, and 27 accessions from Africa, Asia, and South America were examined using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers with six near-infrared fluorescence labeled EcoR I + 3/Mse I + 3 primer sets. A total of 382 bands were scored among the accessions with 207 polymorphic bands (54.2%). Overall, the 87 cowpea accessions have narrow genetic basis and they shared minimum 86% genetic similarities. The data also show that the advanced breeding lines of different programs have higher genetic affinities with lines from the same program but not with lines from other programs. The results suggest that there is a need to incorporate additional germplasm of different genetic background into these breeding lines and to ensure the long-term genetic gains of the programs.
We studied 66 `Medjool' date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) accessions from Morocco, six varieties of dates from Egypt, and four `Medjool' accessions and one `Deglet Noor' accession from California to investigate the hypothesis that `Medjool' is a landrace variety in Morocco. We used four sets of fluorescent-labeled amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers to examine these accessions. A total of 402 bands were generated, of which 217 were polymorphic (54.0%). The 66 `Medjool' accessions from Morocco shared a minimum of 79% genetic similarity. These results support the hypothesis that `Medjool' is a landrace variety in Morocco and it is not genetically uniform. `Medjool' is the first confirmed landrace variety of date palm in the world. This finding raises the possibility that other date palms may be landrace varieties in different growing areas. Confirmation of a landrace variety in date palm has significant implication for future date palm germplasm collection and preservation. The mechanism(s) generating the genetic variation within `Medjool' accessions remains unknown. One possibility is that spontaneous genetic changes could occur frequently within vegetative tissues like offshoots under high temperature and drought stress.