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Abstract
Fruit of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) were treated with 0–104 mg/liter of the fungicides: benomyl (methyl-1-[butylcarbamoyl]-2-benzimidazole carbamate); etaconazole (l-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1 H-1,2,4-triazole); fenapanil (1-butyl-1-phenyl-1 H-imidazole-1-propanenitrile); imazalil (1-[2-allyloxyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole); and prochloraz (l-{N-propyl-N-[2-(2,4,6-trich-lorophenoxy) ethyl]}carbamoyliinidazole). Damage from Fusarium rots, Geotrichum and Rhizopus soft rots, and Alternaria surface blemish was assessed. Fenapanil, imazalil, and prochloraz had the most useful range of fungicidal activities. Prochloraz was the most efficacious fungicide tested, expressed as disease control per unit concentration of active ingredient.
Abstract
Fruit of cherry (Prunus avium L.) and banana (Musa sp.,) AAA Group, Cavendish sub-group cv. Williams Hybrid, when fumigated with ethylene dibromide (EDB) and held at 20°C were injured visibly by treatment concentrations of 32 g/m3 or more. EDB (4 g/m3) stimulated the rates of both ethylene (C2H4) evolution and respiration in cherries, while higher concentrations up to 32 g/m3 caused proportionately greater increases in the rates of gas exchange. Cherries stored at 1° after fumigation with 32 g/m3 EDB did not display the increases in gas exchange which were observed at 20°, but during a 7 day storage period severe Symptoms of phytotoxicity developed. The increases in gas exchange are, therefore, effects and not causes of EDB injury. The Stimulation of C2H4 production in cherries by EDB was reduced by pretreatment with Co2+, indicating that EDB affects the methionine pathway of ethylene synthesis. In bananas treated with 4 g/m3 EDB and held at 20°, the respiration rate increased but C2H4 evolution and electrolyte leakage from slices of pulp tissue were unaffected. When the EDB concentration was raised to 32 g/m3, respiration and C2H4 evolution rates and electrolyte leakage increased.