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The ornamental horticulture industry in South Carolina has expanded significantly over the last decade. Today, concerns regarding environmental and public health, and stricter regulations of pesticide use, are creating incentives for growers to evaluate alternative methods of pest control. Nursery producers currently use an array of chemicals in an attempt to control pests including insects, weeds, and diseases. Integrated pest management (IPM) provides an opportunity to reduce chemical reliance. The overall objective of this extension program is to collect and collate information relevant to the implementation of an IPM program. The first year, 1989-90, surveys were developed to determine key factors related nursery pest management. Types of data collected included: key pest species; pest-plant relationships; grower action responses to pest problems; types and frequency of pesticide use. The second year, 1990-91, involved implementing IPM strategies such as: cultural methods; use of horticultural oils, soaps, and lower risk pesticides; and spot treatment applications to help maintain pest populations below economically damaging levels. Improvements in pest management included; reduced chemical applications, reduced associated environmental risks, and maintenance of aesthetic quality of plants.
Abstract
Increased berry size in response to GA3 applications occurs in most seedless grape cultivars. GA3 applications made between bloom and fruit set are generally most effective; however, the specific developmental stage at which optimum response occurs is different for each cultivar (4). Inhibition of seed development has been associated with prebloom applications of GA3 on a few cultivars of normally seeded Vitis vinifera L., but the response can be variable (2). Thus, extensive research on use of GA3 may be required for each new cultivar.