Search Results
Abstract
The effect of drip irrigation with water of varying salinity levels (desalinated water, water containing about 500 mg Cl/liter - normal water of the region, and water prepared so as to contain about 1000 and 1500 mg Cl/liter) was tested on four vegetable crops in the Arava desert of Israel. With all crops there was a reduction in fruit size with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. There were also treatment effects on emergence, growth, yield components, and soil salinity. The use of water containing about 1500 mg Cl/liter to irrigate tomatoes and transplanted peppers under the conditions prevailing in the experiment seems practical. However, crops sensitive to salinity, such as peas, will be seriously injured by water containing about 500 mg Cl/liter even under the conditions of the present experiment. Successful vegetable crop culture under Arava desert conditions requires leaching of the soil before the start of each growing season.
Abstract
Pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. cv. California Wonder) were irrigated by trickling at a constant frequency of 1-2 days with 4 different amounts of water based on evaporation from a Class A pan. The amounts applied were 0.82, 0.95, 1.33, and 1.75 of the pan evaporation. An optimum curve was obtained for the relation between yield and water application, with the maximum yield resulting from use of the 1.33 factor. Determinations of salt content in the soil and plants, and measurements of soil moisture showed that even the smallest water application was adequate to leach the root zone and to maintain a low and almost constant soil moisture tension. The optimum curve was found to be primarily due to a relatively small yield increase during the latter part of the harvest period when the potential evapotranspiration is increasing.
Abstract
In a comparison of sprinkle, furrow and trickle irrigation applied during the growing season from August to December to muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Haogen-2), vegetative growth was found more rapid and yields were earlier and higher with the trickle method. No yield differences were detected between sprinkle and furrow irrigation. Salt accumulation on the leaves was greater with sprinkling than with the other 2 methods which do not wet the foliage. The chloride concn in the leaves was also high throughout the entire growing season with sprinkle irrigation. Soil chloride content during the growing season varied according to the method of irrigation.
Abstract
Pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. cv. California Wonder) were sprinkle and trickle irrigated, each at 2 different frequencies, during the growing season from September to April. Yield, leaf growth, and root development were all greater with trickle than with sprinkle irrigation. Frequency of water application had a slight, but non-significant effect. Yield tended to decrease when the plants were sprinkle irrigated daily. With trickle irrigation, the infrequent interval, every 5 days, tended to reduce the yield. Leaf chloride content was considerably greater under sprinkling, especially at the frequent interval.
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to test the emergence, early growth, and salt build-up in soil and leaves with 5 vegetable crops germinated by sprinkle and trickle irrigation using saline water. In some of the crops (cucumber, tomato, pepper) trickle irrigation shortened the time until emergence and the stand was more uniform. Other crops (muskmelon, onion) responded in a similar manner to both irrigation methods. Seedling development was good with both methods. Trickling produced a higher salt concn in the 0 to 3-cm soil layer of the crop row, although this had no apparent effect on emergence, seedling wt, or chloride content of the leaves.
Abstract
The effect of the distance between crop row and tricklers on growth and yield of sweet corn, and on soil moisture and salinity was studied. The max yield was obtained when the nozzles were located 5-25 cm from the plants. Less vigorous vegetative development resulted when the tricklers were at a distance of 50 cm. The salt concn in the 0 to 30-cm soil layer increased with distance from the trickle line. Soil water tension was almost constant throughout the irrigation cycle at distances between 5 to 35 cm, it was lower at 0 cm from the tricklers, and markedly higher at 50 cm from the irrigation line.