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The influence of 12 pesticides on acetylene reduction (N2 fixation) and modulation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill cv. Williams 82) and lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L. cv. Geneva) was evaluated. All pesticides except diazinon were found to be harmless to nitrogen fixation at 3× the manufacturer's recommended rate, Diazinon significantly decreased C2H2 reduction of soybean 2 days after application, but not after 7 days or at normal label rates, Acetylene reduction of excised nodules imbibed with diazinon indicated that the chemical may have affected nitrogenase function directly. Soybean nodule counts were significantly decreased by application of 3× rates of methomyl and trifluralin, whereas lima bean nodule counts were decreased only by trifluralin. Tritluralin also depressed soybean modulation at label rates, but had no effect on lima bean modulation. Methomyl was innocuous to soybean modulation at the recommended label rate. Both chemicals were nontoxic to Bradyrhizobium/Rhizobium sp. based on a disc inhibition study. Chemical names used: O,O -diethyl O -(2isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl phosphorothiote (diazinon); S-Methul- N -((methylcarbamoyl)oxy)-thioacetimidate (methomyl); a,a,a -Trifluoro-2-6dinitro-N-N -dipropyl-p-toluidine (triflnralin).
The influence of 12 pesticides on C2H4 reduction and modulation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) was evaluated. All except diazinon were innocuous at 3× the label rate. Diazinon decreased C2H4 reduction of soybean 2 days after application, but not after 7 days or at normal label rates. Nitrogen fixation of excised nodules imbibed with diazinon indicated that it may have directly affected nitrogenase function. Soybean nodule numbers were decreased by application of 3× rates of methomyl and trifluralin, but lima bean nodule numbers were decreased only by trifluralin. Trifluralin also depressed soybean but not lima bean modulation at label rates. Methomyl did not affect soybean modulation at label rate. Both chemicals were non-toxic to Rhizobium sp. in a disc inhibition study.