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Nine southernpeas, varying in their resistance to cowpea curculio, and the susceptible California Blackeye # 5 (CBE) were tested with six treatments: methyl parathion and endosulfan at recommended and one-quarter rate, a control with tractor traffic, and one without traffic. CBE had 42.7% curculio-damaged seeds over all treatment, while resistant entries ranged from 3.7% to 9.5%. Over all entries, methyl parathion at the recommended rate resulted in the lowest percentage of curculio-damaged seed (7.3%); endosulfan at the recommended rate was next with 9.1%. The percentage of damaged seed was not significantly different for the methyl parathion and endosulfan treatments using one-quarter recommended rates, the control with traffic, and the control without traffic—10.8%, 11.2%, 12.6%, and 11.7%, respectively. `Carolina Cream' (3.7% damaged seed over all treatments) and methyl parathion at the recommended rate resulted in the lowest percentage of curculio damaged seed: 1.3%.
Abstract
Strip tillage was evaluated over a 2-year period as a cropping system for sites unsuitable for conventional tillage. Yields in clean cultivation and in 0.5- and 1.1-m strips tilled in established grass or grass/clover sod were compared in 1982 for sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and winter squash (Cucurbita maxima L.). Both interspecific and intraspecific competition were determined in 1983 for pepper. Squash yield was improved by a grass/legume sod, but pepper yield was unaffected. Both crops suffered severe competition in 1982 when grown in 0.5-m-wide strips, but yields per hectare in strips 1.1m wide equaled that in clean cultivation. In 1983, however, number of marketable fruit per hectare of marketable yield of pepper in 1.1-m strips was less than that in clean cultivated plots, although total number of harvested fruit did not differ. Both marketable and total pepper yields per hectare were significantly higher in clean cultivation in 1983 than in strips. Increasing the population density of pepper in the strip increased number of fruit harvested and total weight per hectare, and there was a significant benefit in using double rows. Competition in strips accompanying increasing population density seemed to be associated with increased water deficits.