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  • Author or Editor: L. Fredric Hough x
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Abstract

It would be a laborious task indeed to do justice to my title, on this 75th anniversary of the organization of our Society and just 78 years after the republication of Mendel's experiments, if we did not have the recent, excellent encyclopedia and gospel, the good news about fruit breeding — Advances in Fruit Breeding (14); and if Dr. J. N. Moore (21) had not presented an inspiring summary of breeding research with some of the “small” fruits, together with an optimistic yet, to my mind, very reasonable prognosis for achievements through breeding.

Open Access

Abstract

The genus Pyrus has been classified into at least 22 primary species. These can be grouped by geographical distribution and/or taxonomic relationships. The European group includes P. communis L., P. nivalis Jacq., and P. cordata, (Desv.) Schneid. The North African group contains P. longipes Coss. and Dur., P. gharbiana Trab., and P. mamorensis Trab. The west Asian group consists of P. syriaca Boiss., P. elaeagrifolia Pall., and P. amygdaliformis Vill., P. salicifolia Pall., P. glabra Boiss., P. regellii Rehd., (syn. P. bucharica and P. heterophylla Reg. & Schmalh). The medium to large fruited east Asian species are P. pyrifolia (Burm.) Nak., P. kansuensis, P. ussuriensis Max., P. hondoensis Kik. and Nak., while the Asian “pea” pear species are P. calleryana Dcne., P. betulaefolia Bung., P.fauriei Schneid., P. dimorphophylla Makino, and P. koehnei Schneid. (3, 27). A number of nonprimary species also appear in the literature, which may be either botanical varieties, subspecies, or interspecific hybrids. Among the east Asian group, P. bretschneideri Rehd. is a probable hybrid of P. betulaefolia and the cultivated forms of P. pyrifolia; P. phaeocarpa Rehd. may be a P. betulaefolia × P. ussurensis hybrid, whereas P. serrulata Rehd. is a probable interspecific hybrid involving P. pyrifolia and P. calleryana.

Open Access

Abstract

‘Jerseycot’ is an early ripening, orange-fleshed, freestone apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) for homeowners and the local fresh market. ‘Jerseycot’ is the first apricot cultivar to be released by the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (1) ‘Jerseycot’ combines several desirable attributes, including good tree health, consistency of cropping, disease resistance, and good fruit quality. It is being introduced to allow apricot production in New Jersey and areas with a similar climate.

Open Access

Abstract

‘Jerseydawn’ is an early-ripening, yellow-fleshed, semi-freestone peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] for the fresh market. The fruit ripens 10-14 days before ‘Redhaven’ and was introduced to meet the need for a quality peach in this season. The tree is of medium vigor and is productive. The leaves and fruit are resistant to bacterial spot [Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni (Smith) Young et al.]. Flower bud hardiness appears to be slightly less than that of ‘Redhaven’. Split pit has not been a problem. ‘Jerseydawn’ is performing well in trials at Geneva, N.Y.; East Lansing, Mich.; and throughout New Jersey.

Open Access

Abstract

Fruit of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) exhibited rehardening when returned to low-temperature storage after softening at room temperature. Rehardening was progressively more pronounced as the temperature decreased. The process occurred in either air or nitrogen atmosphere. The softening of the fruit that occurred normally at room temperature was accompanied by a decline in protopectins and a concomitant increase in water-soluble pectic fraction. By comparison, the rehardening of the fruit at low temperatures was accompanied by little or no change in pectic substances. The results suggest that rehardening is not related to the metabolic changes associated with fruit ripening.

Open Access

Abstract

‘McShay’ is an attractive, excellent quality apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) with field immunity to apple scab. The fruit is similar in color, flavor, and texture to ‘McIntosh’. ‘McShay’ is named in honor of the late J. Ralph Shay and is a late fall dessert apple well-adapted to Oregon's Willamette Valley. ‘McShay’ is the ninth cultivar to be released by the cooperative apple breeding program of Indiana, Illinois, and New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Stations.

Open Access