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Abstract
6-(Benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydrophyranyl)-9H-purine (PBA) promoted production of stolons, branch stolons, branch crowns and daughter plants in ‘Sparkle’ Junebearing and ‘Ozark Beauty’ everbearing strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Gibberellic acid (GA3) induced no promotion on either cultivar. Combinations of PBA and GA3 induced a greater effect on stolon and daughter plant production for ‘Ozark Beauty’ than did PBA alone. Increase in the number of daughter plants was proportional to the number of stolons produced. PBA suppressed rooting of the daughter plants. Addition of GA3 to the foliar treatment did not overcome rooting suppression of PBA.
Abstract
A foliar spray of 6-(benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-9H-purine (PBA) induced thickening and restricted elongation of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) petioles and stolon internodes. Leaf area of treated plants was lower than that of untreated plants. Stolon internodes of treated plants increased in cell size and number. Gibberellic acid (GA3) promoted leaf expansion and elongation of petioles and stolon internodes. A combination of PBA and GA3 induced less thickening and more elongation of petioles and stolon internodes and greater leaf area compared to treatment with PBA alone. There was a breakdown of cell walls of pith parenchyma in stolon internodes of untreated plants while the cell walls of PBA and GA3 treated plants remained intact.
Abstract
In vitro cultures were used to study the development of axillary bud and stolon tip explants of cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Explants cultured on Murashige-Skoog basal media containing kinetin at 1, 5, or 10 mg/liter developed into leafy shoots. Low concentration of kinetin (1 mg/liter) promoted the development of both types of explants into single shoots while higher concentration (10 mg/liter) promoted production of multiple leafy shoots developing from axillary buds of the earlier formed leafy shoots. NAA at 1 mg/liter promoted callus growth from both types of explants. Axillary bud explants developed into stolons when cultured on media containing gibberellic acid (GA3) at 5, 10 or 20 mg/liter. Stolon apices developed into leafy shoots while the second axillary stolon buds of the tips were inhibited when the explants were cultured on GA3-containing media. Combinations of GA3 and kinetin induced the development of axillary bud explants into structures intermediate in form between those of stolons and leafy shoots. Stolon apices and stolon axillary buds at the stolon tips developed into leafy shoots and continuing stolons, respectively, when the explants were cultured on a kinetin-containing medium for one week, and then transferred onto a GA3-containing medium. Thus, the developmental pathway of axillary strawberry buds was shown to be responsive to a balance between GA and cytokinins following removal from apical dominance.