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- Author or Editor: Joseph S. Vandemark x
Abstract
In a 2-year field study, direct-seeded and transplanted tomato cvs. (Heinz 1350, Heinz 1439, Manalucie, Roma) were treated with (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) when 10% of the fruit was pink. Ethephon promoted ripening when it was applied to the leaves only, to the fruit only or to the entire plant. Ethephon induced yellowing of the leaves, accelerated ripening 10 days, and concentrated the bulk of the total yield into this harvest. Ethephon induced smaller immature fruit to mature and ripen and thus reduced the average individual fruit weight of harvestable fruit from the large fruited ‘Manalucie’ but not other cultivars.
Abstract
(2-Chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) was applied to Red Kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. California Light Red) at rates of 0.14 to 0.56 kg/ha to determine its effectiveness in defoliating the plants and conditioning them for harvest, without a reduction in yield. Ethephon (0.14 kg/ha) reduced yield of beans 25% when applied 18 days before the normal harvest date, but when applied 7 days before the normal harvest date no yield reduction occurred even at high rates; and low rates produced 90% defoliation. When temperatures were 10°C or below, poor defoliation occurred even at high rates of ethephon. Surfactants with ethephon did not affect defoliation or yield.
Abstract
During a 6 day sprouting period, carbohydrates and lipids decreased in soybean seeds (Glycine max L.). Stachyose and raffinose which are not digestible by humans, decreased about 80% in 3 days and disappeared in 6 days. Protein decreased slightly while amino acids increased rapidly. Taste acceptability of 3-day-old soybean sprouts and mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek var. radiata) sprouts were similar.
Abstract
Onions (Allium cepa L. cv. Spanish Beauty) were seeded in a glasshouse and grown with or without supplemental light and then transplanted into the field. Plants harvested at various times were separated into leaves, roots, and bulbs and analyzed for chlorophyll, total carbohydrate, protein and dry weight. Onion leaves increased in all parameters measured for 21 weeks and then declined rapidly. Bulbs steadily increased in total carbohydrate, protein and dry weight. Supplemental light treatments increased onion weight at transplanting and at harvest. The increased weight was due to more carbohydrate and leaves per plant.
Abstract
Increasing levels of N fertilizer (22, 45, 112 or 448 kg/ha) significantly increased protein and total fresh weight of the edible portion of lettuce, mustard, collards, cabbage, beets, corn, tomatoes, and peppers. Significant increases in protein and fresh weight of snap beans were observed only at the highest N level. The NO3 concentration in the edible part increased significantly in mustard and collards at all N levels; in lettuce and cabbage at the 2 higher N levels; and in snap beans at the highest N level only. The NO3 concentration was low in beets, corn and peppers. Tomato fruit contained no detectable NO3.
Abstract
Shoots and roots of onion (Allium cepa L. cv. Spanish Beauty) seeded at the early planting date, receiving supplemental light and seeded at the low planting rate produced more dry weight per plant at transplanting than any other treatment. Dry weight of tops and bulbs of these plants was greater than plants of other treatments after plants had been grown in the Field for 7 weeks. At bulb maturity, no significant differences occurred in air-dried bulb weight between seeding rate and planting date. Plants receiving supplemental light had significantly more weight at transplanting and produced significantly more weight per bulb at maturity than plants grown under incident light only.