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Roots are vital organs for resource uptake. However, the knowledge regarding the extent by which responses in roots influence plant resistance is still poorly known. In this study, we examined the morphological and physiological responses of lateral roots of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’ (Taxodium mucronatum♀ and Taxodium distichum♂, T. 406) to 8 (DS-8) and 12 days (DS-12) drought. Control plants (CK-8 and CK-12) were well-watered throughout the experiment. Results indicated that drought resulted in significantly decreased root length, surface area, volume, and biomass and a relatively high death rate of roots (>2 mm). Specific root length (SRL) and specific root surface area (SRA) of drought-stressed T. 406 plants were reduced to enhance resource uptake. Meanwhile, root relative water content (RWC) of T. 406 plants in CK-12 treatment was 5.81 times of those in DS-12 treatment. Under drought stress and root superoxide dismutase and ascorbic acid (ASA) activities, proline and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents consistently increased to benefit the elimination of O2 −. At the ultrastructural level, the organelle structure of T. 406 plant root tip was visibly damaged because of dehydration. The nucleus swelled and then exhibited uncommon features of disorganization and disruption. In short, our results provided substantial information about lateral root traits of T. 406 plants in response to drought stress, which is crucial to improve the drought resistance of Taxodium hybrid in the future breeding.
In the context of intensified global climate change, Taxodium distichum has been attracting attention as an essential wetland plant. Through the literature visualization analysis software CiteSpace, the Spatial Distribution, Journal Distribution, Research Power, research status, and trends of T. distichum. The main conclusions are as follows. 1) The United States and China are the major countries for T. distichum research. The major institutions are Louisiana State University and the US Geological Survey. 2) The popular research areas mainly include growth, response, wetland, forest, climate change, adventitious root, and soil. 3) The research trends are soil and Florida (1992–98), survival (1999–2005), T. distichum (2006–12), salinity (2018–22), and sea-level rise (2020–22). These findings offer the current research status of T. distichum and could provide reference information for scholars in related fields to determine research directions and refine issues.