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  • Author or Editor: Hans A. Panofsky x
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Abstract

The development of an equation describing a 3-dimensional energy budget of a crop volume from conservation of energy and mass equations is presented. The terms of the equation are interpreted for orchard frost protection studies.

Open Access

Abstract

Spatial and temporal components of the turbulent heat flux above a heated orchard are discussed. Direct measurements of the temporal component of the turbulent flux at 2 locations are reported. Drag anemometry and fine-wire thermocouples provided measurements of u, v, w, and T at 30 Hz. About 10% of the energy provided by heating escaped the crop zone by the temporal flux. Variation in the flux measured at a given location was caused by changes in wind speed and direction, and heater proximity.

Open Access