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- Author or Editor: H. D. Billingsley x
Abstract
Cytokinins and gibberellins applied to dormant buds on young apple trees significantly increased the number of growing buds and the angle between the main trunk and the new shoot. Total shoot growth on treated trees was nearly double that of control trees. Nursery trees treated with growth regulators several weeks before planting produced branches with wide crotch angles from which good permanent primary scaffold limbs could be selected.
Abstract
Fruit color and quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples was directly related to the nitrogen content of the tree. When leaf-nitrogen (N) levels were above 2.2% dry weight, the fruit tended to be large and green. Maximum yields of high-quality fruit were obtained when leaf-N levels were from 1.9 to 2.1% dry weight.
Abstract
In 3 different seasons watercore began to develop in ‘Delicious’ fruit as the minimum temperatures dropped to near 4°C. In 1970 and 1971 watercore started to appear just before a sharp rise in sorbitol level occurred in the limb sap. In 1972 considerable watercore developed in the fruit before a significant increase in sorbitol was observed in the sap.
Abstract
Fruit growth measurements in several orchards, from 1959 to 1968 have been used to prepare a table for predicting final harvest size of ‘Bartlett’ pears. At 60 days from full bloom, final fruit diameter to within ⅛ inch can be accurately predicted 83% of the time. The nearer to harvest the sample is taken, the more accurate the harvest size prediction. Temperatures above 80° and below 55°F appear to reduce pear fruit growth.
Abstract
Storage temperature and season markedly affected cold acclimation and deacclimation and levels of sorbitol and sugars in 1-and 2-year excised apple (Malus domestica Borkh) shoots. Cold hardiness of shoots increased with a decrease in storage temperature (2 to −18°C) from August to January, then decreased as growth began in March. In most seasons, cold hardiness was significantly related to high levels of sorbitol in the sap, and to high levels of sucrose and total sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose and sorbitol) in the combined bark and wood samples.
Abstract
Combination sprays of the growth regulators succinic acid-2-2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH), (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon), and 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid (fenoprop) or naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), applied on ‘Tydeman's Red’ apple trees 4 weeks before the estimated normal harvest date, advanced red coloration and maturity of the fruit sufficiently to permit harvest of approx ¾ of the fruit 2 weeks ahead of the normal harvest date. Of die materials tested the combination of SADH (2,000 ppm), ethephon (500 ppm) and fenoprop (20 ppm) produced the most pronounced effects.