Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 10 of 10 items for
- Author or Editor: Griffith J. Buck x
Abstract
‘Galaxie’, one of the early garden geraniums (Pelargonium X hortorum Bailey) originating from the Iowa State Univ. breeding program, was well received by both gardeners and industry because of its compact, free-flowering habit and general ease of culture. Its faults of uninteresting flower color and a tendency to injury by Botrytis cinerea Pers. and two-spotted mites were common to others of its color class; namely, ‘Penny’ (syn. ‘Penny Irene’) ‘Irvington Beauty’ (syn. ‘Rose-Pink Flat’), and ‘Pink Abundance’. The new cultivar ‘Hazel’ (Fig. 1) has the compact, floriferous plant habit of ‘Galaxie’, but improves upon its disease and mite tolerance and flower color. ‘Hazel’ is derived from a breeding program in which major stress has been placed upon developing garden geraniums capable of growing and flowering in areas subject to high summer temp at night and the high relative humidity, the usual climatic pattern in the Midwestern U.S.
Abstract
The garden, or zonal geranium (Pelargonium. X hortorum Bailey) has been a popular bedding plant in American gardens many years in spite of its sensitivity to high summer night temp and humidities. This sensitivity is not unexpected in a plant whose putative ancestors are native to the subdesert of South Africa, and it remains a dominant trait in both clonal and seed-propagated cultivars. A degree of tolerance to these climatic conditions is evident in the diploid cultivars, ‘Mme. Bucher’ and Mme. Landry’, and is more fully expressed in the tetraploid cultivars ‘Pink Cloud’, ‘Greg-erson’s White’, and ‘Olympic Red’ (2). The objective of our breeding program is to develop a group of cultivars with greater heat tolerance. The first cultivar to successfully combine a compact, floriferous plant habit with satisfactory heat tolerance was ‘Galaxie’. In spite of its obvious faults of botrytis susceptibility and relatively weak flower color, ‘Galaxie’ became an important parent numbering among its progeny ‘Toreador’, ‘Hawkeye’ (1), ‘Skylark’, and the newly named ‘Pearl Bailey’
Abstract
‘Pearl Bailey’ geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum Bailey) is a new cultivar with the vivid fluorescent salmon scarlet coloring of ‘Orange Glow’ but with improved plant habit and disease tolerance. This new cultivar and ‘Orange Glow’ have a common ancestor in ‘Mme. Landry’ but ‘Pearl Bailey’ is the result of systematic development of the ‘Cardinal’ breeding line.
Abstract
Although roses have been propagated by grafting for more than a century, there has been relatively no concerted breeding effort to develop rootstocks (understocks) as has been done for rosaceous fruit crops. Selection of cultivars, both asexually and sexually propagated, that have been used for propagating roses has come about so far more by fortuitious circumstance than by design. A survey (1) of rootstocks used in rose propagation indicated that the largest number were derivatives of either the Caninae or the Synstylae tribes, with the Caninae being more prevalent in Europe and the Synstylae in the U.S. Also, the survey delineated those qualities desired as well as those in which the commonly-used rose root-stocks were deficient. Characteristics found lacking were root flexibility, a trait of importance to to all nurserymen packaging rose plants either for sale or shipment, tolerance to low soil temp, and resistance or tolerance to soil-borne pests such as nematodes.
Abstract
The major objective of rose breeders since the introduction into Europe in 1752 of the first of the everblooming clones of the Rosa gigantea-R. chinensis complex has been the development of everblooming roses capable of surviving the coldest winters without protection. To further this goal, various rose species indigenous to the colder areas of the northern hemisphere have been combined with the everblooming clones. The current classes of garden roses are the product of this endeavor.
Abstract
Three degrees of scion-understock compatibility were used to describe the rose bud-graft combinations ‘Charlotte Armstrong’–R. multiflora Thunb. seedlings: the compatible, the rapidly failing, and the slowly failing union in which cambiform tissue did not develop in callus of scion origin. In the slowly failing union, callus contact between understock and scion was sufficient to maintain the scion in a dormant condition, but was not sufficient for its maintenance under climatic stress or growth stress induced by heading-back the understock. Symptoms of bud-graft failure could be identified by the 4th day after grafting.
Abstract
The garden or zonal geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum Bailey) has long enjoyed popularity as a garden and greenhouse plant because of its brilliantly colored flowers and tolerance to various degrees of culture. Despite their popularity, most cultivars of P. × hortorum are not well adapted to areas with high summer night temperatures and high relative humidities. The two putative parental species, P. inquinans (L.) L'Her. ex Ait. and P. zonale (L.) L'Her. ex Ait., are native to the subdesert areas of South Africa, which, in common with similar areas around the world, have low humidity and a high day, low night temperature cycle. Further, the early development of the garden geranium occurred in Europe and the northeastern United States where tolerance to high night temperatures was not required.
Abstract
The plant amelioration process is a slow one, and frequently the release of cultivars from a breeding program represents a compromise. The introduction of ‘Cardinal’ geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum Bailey) represented a definite advance in floriferousness and night heat tolerance, but the plant was overly vigorous, awkward in plant habit and slow to flower. ‘Toreador’ corrected some of the faults of ‘Cardinal’ including increased tolerance to injury caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. (1). However, the plant tends to grow too tall and is susceptible to damage by rain and wind. The new cultivar ‘Hawkeye’ retains the desirable garden traits of ‘Toreador’ while further refining the growth habit and increasing flowering potential.
Abstract
At the turn of the century, heliotrope, also cherry pie, (Heliotropium arborescens, Linn.) was a popular plant in both garden and greenhouse. A measure of the plant's popularity was the large number of clones available to growers (1, 2). The economic instability after World War I and its resulting effect upon garden and greenhouse operations caused many plants, including heliotrope, to go out of commerce.
Abstract
A study of the histology of the bud-graft unions involving a rose cultivar, Rosa × ‘Fire King’ and two rose understocks, R. multiflora, ‘Brooks’ and R. × ‘Manetti’, was made. These 2 combinations produce a growth phenomenon termed “brittleness”. The graft unions were characterized by large quantities of fragments of necrotic material in the understock-scion interface and delay in the reconstruction of the cambial cylinder with a corresponding decrease in thickness of the cylinders of cambial derivatives derived as a result of cambial activity.