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- Author or Editor: George Fassuliotis x
Abstract
Self- and cross-compatibility relationships between Cucumis metuliferus and C. melo cv. Gulfstream were studied. In selfed flowers of C. metuliferus, the pollen tubes reached the ovules within 24 hours. Fertilization occurred in 91% of the ovules between 24 and 48 hours. ‘Gulfstream’ pollen on C. metuliferus germinated well, but pollen tubes grew slower and most stopped at the level of the uppermost ovules. About 1% of the tubes, however, succeeded in entering and fertilizing the ovules. Seeds recovered from fruit resulting from C. metuliferus x C. melo did not germinate, probably due to failure to achieve double fertilization or to early embryo abortion. Viable embryos have been successfully cultured when removed from the ovary 15—20 days after pollination but one surviving plant was similar to the maternal parent and was not an interspecific hybrid.
Abstract
Embryogenic callus was induced when pith of Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. was cultured on Linsmeier-Skoog (LS) medium supplemented with (6-[(3,3-dimethylallyl) amino]-purine) (2iP), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D). Combinations of 2iP and IAA were tested for best growth rate of stock callus cultures. Differentiation of leaflets was induced when explants were grown on LS medium with high concentrations of 2iP and low IAA. Roots were formed upon transfer to Nitsch's medium that contained IAA. Morphologic variations in the leaves and cytological studies of callus-induced plants indicated that they were genetically aberrant. Callus-induced plants retained their resistance to the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita.
Abstract
A method was developed to evaluate snap beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., for resistance to root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., which permits selected plants to survive, making either hybridizations or seed increase possible in the same generation. Nematode inoculum are added to commercial potting medium in greenhouse benches and snap beans are grown either in peat or clay pots filled with uninoculated soil and buried in the inoculated media. Roots protruding through holes in the bottom of the pots are evaluated for root gall and reproduction indices.
Abstract
A successful host-parasite relationship was established in the stems of both resistant and susceptible snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Thirty days after beans were planted in infested soil, all had stem galls containing egg-laying females. Histological studies showed giant cells developed from both vascular and cortical tissues.
Abstract
Bush type snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with resistance to the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (cotton strain) are being developed by using PI-165426 as the resistant parent. PI-165426 (resistant), ‘Black Valentine’ (susceptible) and F5 breeding line B3864 (resistant) were inoculated with second-stage larvae. There were no significant differences in larval penetration of roots. Root tips showed slight swellings at infection loci of resistant and susceptible plants. Necrosis was evident in the resistant lines 4 days after inoculation. Histological studies of early infections showed that resistance was due to absence of adequate giant cell development and to hypersensitive reaction within the infected portion of the root. When soil temperature was changed from 16 to 28°C, galling, female development, and egg mass production in the resistant plants were increased.
Abstract
Four snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding lines, resistant PI 165426, and 2 susceptible commercial cultivars were tested for resistance to root galling and root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood) reproduction under greenhouse and field conditions. Root gall indices, reproduction indices, and numbers of eggs/g of root were significantly less on resistant lines than on ‘White Seeded Provider’ in 2 greenhouse tests. In field tests, soil treatment with the nematicide DBCP resulted in significant control. In nontreated plots, resistant bean lines had less root galls than ‘Early Gallatin’. Plots planted with resistant lines had fewer M. incognita larvae than those with ‘Early Gallatin’. Mean yield of pods from resistant lines in nontreated soil was about 3 times the yield of ‘Early Gallatin’. Yield of pods from treated and nontreated subplots were not significantly different. These results indicate that resistance is equivalent to soil fumigation for root-knot nematode control in snap beans.
Abstract
‘Patriot’ is a determinate tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with excellent fruit color, developed primarily as a fresh-market or home-garden type. It is resistant to root knot and fusarium wilt.
Abstract
‘NemaSnap’ is the first bush snap bean cultivar with resistance to the southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Ko-foid & White) Chitwood. ‘NemaSnap’ is a useful bean for home and market gardens infested with large populations of root-knot nematodes due to continuous cropping with susceptible vegetable species. ‘NemaSnap’ offers a viable alternative for those who may not wish to use nematicides or who may be unable to obtain effective, restricted-use nematicides.
Abstract
Breeding line B4175 is a newly released bush snap bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with resistance to root-knot incited by the nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood. B4175 is the first bush snap bean breeding line released with resistance to M. incognita derived from PI 165426 (2). The only cultivars available with M. incognita resistance are ‘Manoa Wonder’, a pole bean (3), and several pole types developed by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station (1). Use of resistant B4175 will broaden the genetic base of P. vulgaris lines with this character. Use of M. incognitaresistant cultivars will augment existing nematode control methods and is a feasible alternative to chemical control of nematodes.