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Abstract
‘Viscount’ is a new midseason sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). It is productive, medium to large-sized, dark glossy red, and of good quality. ‘Viscount’ has the same ripening date as ‘Bing’, which it resembles in shape and appearance. It is quite resistant to rain-induced cracking, being far superior to ‘Bing’. ‘Viscount’ belongs to Incompatibility Group IX with S1,S4 specific S alleles.
Abstract
‘Veeblue’ is an attractive, productive, fair quality, medium-sized, semi-freestone, early, blue European plum (Prunus domestica L.). ‘Veeblue’ matures during the 1st week of September, about the same season of ripening as ‘Iroquois’ and ‘Early Italian’ (Demaris strain). It was introduced primarily for fresh market consumption and for planting in areas where European plums are grown.
Abstract
Succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) 2 , applied in 1968 at the rate 2000 or 3000 ppm 2 weeks after full bloom to Prunus cerasus L., cv. Montmorency, increased color and advanced maturity by 1 week. After 2 years treatment, the color improved at only 1 location. No effect on fruit color was observed after 3 successive years application of SADH. After 4 years, only 3000 ppm treatment improved color when applied to trees which received 3000 ppm in the previous years. At commercial harvest, the 3000 ppm SADH treatment produced a carry-over effect from the third to the fourth year. After 1, 2 or 3 year’s treatment, total soluble solids of cherries was unchanged at full fruit maturity, but total acid was reduced. Fruit size and size variability were not affected in the first year of application. Application of SADH for 2 consecutive years reduced fruit size and increased the variability in size at only 1 location. Shoot growth was reduced in trees sprayed with 2000 and 3000 ppm SADH for 1, 2 or 3 years, but no differences were observed in number of flowers produced on the current year’s growth. At full fruit maturity, the percentage of treated cherries with a fruit retention force of 400 g and higher was lower than the control.
In 1987, a study consisting of 3 training systems (TS) [Supported modified leader (S), Free Palmette (P) and Mini-Tatura (MT)] with Anjou (A), Bartlett (B) and Flemish Beauty (FB) on Quince A & C and Provonce C134, in a high and ultradensity planting, was initiated on a fine sandy loam soil. Blossoms were counted and removed during 1988 to 1990 seasons. Palmette TS increased bloom efficiency (BE) but did not affect the number of florets/cluster. Quince C produced higher BE than either QA or C134. Bartlett had the highest BE followed by A & FB. Anjou exhibited more florets/cluster than either B or FB. Rootstock or TS did not influence this variable.
Irrespective of rootstock and training, the largest trees were FB followed by A & B. Quince C produced trees smaller than QA & C134. Mini-Tatura reduced tree size significantly compared to S & P. The cumulative yield for 1991 & 92 (5th and 6th leaves) was 85 tonnes/ha for MT compared to 35 & 37 for S and P respectively. Quince clones had no effect on yield, but A was significantly less productive than B or FB. Cultivar, rootstock or training did not affect mean fruit weight during 1992. Bartlett had higher number of pears/tree compared to A & FB. Palmette training system produced more pears per tree in comparison to S and MT.
Abstract
‘Viva’ is a medium sized, semi-firm, dark red, long-stemmed sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) of good quality and crack-resistant. It matures with ‘Black Tartarian’ and belongs to Incompatibility Group IV (S2S3).
Abstract
‘Vogue’ is a productive sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) with fruits that are large-sized, shiny, dark-red, firm, small-pitted and good quality, ripening a day or two later than ‘Bing’. It belongs to Incompatability Group IV (S2S3).
Abstract
‘Voyageur’ is a self-fruitful, very productive, good-quality, semi-clinging, early-ripening, purple (with heavy bloom) European plum (Primus domestica L.). ‘Voyageur’ matures during the third week of August in Ontario, about 1 week later than ‘California Blue’. It was introduced primarily for fresh market consumption and for planting in areas where European plums are grown.
Sweet cherry breeding started at Vineland and Summerland in 1915 and 1924 and has resulted in the naming and introduction of 11 and 18 cultivars, respectively. `Victor' and `Van' were the first cultivars named from Vineland and Summerland, respectively, in 1925 and 1944. `Van' has become a popular cultivar in North America and Europe. The main objective in these breeding programs has been to develop cultivars that produce large quantities of firm-fleshed, crack-free, flavorful, large, black cherries with a range of maturity dates to extend the season of harvest. In the 1960's, the development of self-fertile cultivars was added to the objective of the programs. Already several self-fertile cultivars and advanced breeding selections have been named and introduced from Canada. The programs have also contributed to the assignment of cultivars to different pollen-incompatibility groups and verification of pedigree of sweet cherry cultivars. The impact of these long-term breeding programs in Canada and abroad will be discussed in detail.
Abstract
‘Vanier’ is a good quality, bright red, medium-sized, round, small-pitted, clingstone, Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.). ‘Vanier’ matures during the last week of August, the same season as ‘Burbank’ and ‘Ozark Premier’. It is introduced primarily for fresh market consumption and for planting in areas where Japanese plums are grown.