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- Author or Editor: Carl Campbell x
- Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science x
Abstract
Variability among 40 cultivars of Mangifera indica L. and one specimen each from M. odorato Griff, and M. zeylanica Hook f. were measured and classified using the unweighted pair group method of cluster analysis of distance coefficients based on 73 characters. Neither M. odorata nor M. zeylanica showed a close overall similarity to any of the cultivars of M. indica. Most cultivars clustered into 1 of 4 major groups. One group contained the polyembryonic cultivars with oblong fruit common to Southeast Asia. Another group consisted of monoembryonic cultivars with roundish fruit common to India. A third group, intermediate in fruit shape, included cultivars from India and one from the West Indies. The final group involved several hybrids developed in Florida and Hawaii. This group, as a rule, has large fruit and is designated as the Sandersha-Haden complex. A tentative pedigree based on both reported parentage and distance coefficients is given for this group. A few cultivars from Indo-china, the West Indies, and Réunion did not show close enough affinity to be placed into any of the above groups.
Abstract
Principal components and cluster analyses, based on 67 characters, were applied to 38 cultivars, which collectively exemplified the 3 races of avocado and their racial hybrids. Diagrams constructed from principal component analysis clearly showed the phenetic diversity of the 3 races and their racial hybrids. Correlation and distance phenograms from cluster analyses did not show overall phenetic diversity as well as principal component diagrams. The phenograms were most useful, however, in showing phenetic similarities among closely related cultivars, which were obscure in principal component analysis. The 2 methods are, thus, complementary, and both methods are recommended in studying patterns of variation with species such as avocado.