Search Results
Abstract
One-month-old seedlings of 20 entries of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were subjected to flooding for 3 days, or drenched with ethanol or (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) solution. Flooding reduced stem growth and leaf chlorophyll content of thelower leaves and promoted epinastic curvature of leaf petiole and adventitious roots. Application of ethephon elicited a response similar to that of flooding. No prominent morphological and physiological changes were observed from ethanol application. Flooded plants show increases in their endogenous free proline pool, which can be reduced by the withdrawal of flooding. Flooded L-123 plants, the most tolerant entry, accumulated the least free proline among three entries tested. Proline level appeared to indicate the intensity of oxygen deficiency during soil flooding by reflecting oxygen supply, and could serve as in indicator in relating plant injury to flooded conditions. The tolerance of L-123 to soil flooding, at least in part, depends on its ability to transport oxygen from the aerial part to the root.
Abstract
‘d’Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) harvested at optimum maturity, 6.4 kg flesh firmness, were stored in 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 5.0% O2 with CO2 concentration were maintained at 0.01 to 0.03%. Other samples were stored in commercially recommended concentrations of 2-2.5% O2 and 0.8-1.0% CO2 (i.e., regular CA), and conventional air storage. Temperatures of −1.1°C (30°F) were maintained in all cabinets throughout the 8 month storage. Oxygen concentration below 1.5% maintained the dessert quality of fruit and reduced the incidence of superficial storage scald after 8 months of storage. Fruit stored at 1.0% O2 for 8 months did not develop scald even after returning to air storage for 30 days. Oxygen concentration above 2% without CO2 had no beneficial effect on dessert quality or scald control. Regular CA storage also maintained dessert quality, but had only slight effect on scald control. Fruit stored below 2% O2 softened slower, lost titratable acids and free amino acids more slowly, and accumulated protein more slowly than samples stored at higher O2 levels for 8 months. Regular CA fruit changed similarly to those from the 1.0% and 1.5% O2 treatments. Overall fruit metabolism in 0.5% O2 was markedly retarded during the 5 to 8 month storage period.
Abstract
High temperature tended to aggravate injury caused to tomato plants by flooding. Based on plant responses such as chlorosis, epinasty, and wilting, less than 0.2% (8 of 4630 accessions) of the world collection of the garden tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and related Lycopersicon species exhibited some level of tolerance to a short period of flooding associated with high temperature. The level of flood tolerance in one of the 8 flood tolerant accessions, L-123, was found to be less than that of 7 other vegetables tested.
The objective of the study is to clarify the morphology of floral organs of cytoplasmic male-sterle line of tuber mustard. The orignal material is the intra-specific hybrid of Brassica juncea(L).Czern or Coss × Brassica campestris L. ssp. pakinensis (Lour.) Olsson. The flower of this materile is abnormal, especially with yellow-bud and frutiness(0.03 seed per silque), no nectary was observed. When backcrossed with tuber mustard(BC1, to BC7), these abstracts have been solved. Yellow-bud has disappeared in BC7. 12.4 seeds per silque are obtained when pollinated with maintainer line. The generation of BC3, has 3.5 nectarys in average. ranged from 0 to 8. On the other hand, saccate bulge and papllas and external ovules were exsited in some stamens of sterile plant. The morphology of epidermal cells in saccuate bulge and basal portion of soma stamens in BC1 was similar to that of stamen with normal anthers in fertile plants. Neverthless, a few pollens without outer walls are present on the stamen of male-sterle line.
Abstract
‘Bing’ sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) harvested at commercial maturity were commercially packed and stored in 6 low-02 and 1 high-C02 controlled atmospheres (CA) at −1.1°C for 35 days and in a second study were stored in either 1.5% 02 and 0.8% C02 or 12% 02 and 10% C02 at 5.6°, 3.3°, or 1.1°C for 23 days. Fruit stored at 0.5–2.0% 02 with 0.03% C02 maintained a higher percentage of very green stems, brighter fruit color, and higher levels of titratable acids than those stored in air at −1.1°C for 35 days. High C02 atmospheres conserved fruit brightness and TA level but did not prevent stem discoloration. The only effect of lowering temperature from 5.6° to 1.1° was a slight increase in fruit firmness after storage.