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- Author or Editor: Ronald Prior x
- HortScience x
Antioxidant capacity as measured by ORAC, total phenolic, and total anthocyanin concentrations were evaluated in fruit tissue of 86 highbush blueberry cultivars, and ORAC and phenolic levels evaluated in leaf tissue of the same materials. Average values for ORAC, phenolics, and anthocyanins in fruit were 15.9 ORAC units (1 unit = 1 micromole Trolox Equivalent), 1.79 mg·g–1 (gallic acid equivalents), and 0.95 mg·g–1 (cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents), respectively. ëRubel' had the highest ORAC values, at 31.1 units. Values for ORAC and phenolics in leaf tissue were significantly higher than fruit tissue, with mean values of 490.4 ORAC units and 44.8 mg·g–1 in leaf tissue, respectively. No significant correlations were found between fruit ORAC and leaf ORAC, or between fruit ORAC and leaf phenolics. Investigation of ORAC values in a family of 44 `Rubel' × `Duke' seedlings showed negative epistasis for ORAC values. However, an analysis of ORAC values vs. pedigree in plants from the 86 cultivar groups suggested that across cultivars, ORAC inheritance is generally additive.
Antioxidant capacity as measured by ORAC, total phenolic, and total anthocyanin concentrations were evaluated in leaf tissue of the same 86 highbush blueberry cultivars, and ORAC and phenolic levels evaluated in leaf tissue of the same materials. Average values for ORAC, phenolics, and anthocyanins in fruit were 15.9 ORAC units (1 unit = 1 μmol Trolox Equivalent), 1.79 mg/g (gallic acid equivalents), and 0.95 mg/g (cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents), respectively. `Rubel' had the highest ORAC values, at 31.1 units. Values for ORAC and phenolics in leaf tissue were significantly higher than fruit tissue, with mean values of 490.4 ORAC units and 44.8 mg/g in leaf tissue, respectively. No significant correlations were found between fruit ORAC and leaf ORAC, or between fruit ORAC and leaf phenolics. Investigation of ORAC values in a family of 44 `Rubel' × `Duke' seedlings showed negative epistatis for ORAC values. However, an analysis of ORAC values vs. pedigree in plants from the 86 cultivar groups suggested that, across cultivars, ORAC inheritance in generally additive.
Fresh strawberries (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch) are readily available throughout the year with several new cultivars being successfully grown in diverse environmental conditions (e.g., field and greenhouse). Consumption of strawberries with higher nutritive values and antioxidant activity may contribute to improved human wellness. Phytonutrient contents and antioxidant activity was measured as oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were assayed in berries (`Camarosa', `Diamante', and `Gaviota') sampled in January, February to March, and April to May from fields in Plant City, Fla., and Oxnard, Calif., and from a greenhouse in Kearneysville, WV. Strawberry cultivars varied in skin color, soluble solids, total phenolics, and anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, folic acid, and ORAC activity. Response to environment was cultivar dependent. All phytonutrient constituents were lower in `Diamante' berries compared to `Camarosa' and `Gaviota'. For all cultivars, berry ORAC activity declined as TSS increased, and ORAC activity was coincident with phenolic content. ORAC activity in berries fruit harvested from plants grown in a temperature-controlled greenhouse did not change during the January to May sampling period. For `Gaviota', ORAC activity in greenhouse-produced berries was the same as that of field-produced berries. Whereas greenhouse vs. field-gown `Camarosa' and `Diamante' berries ORAC was higher and lower respectively. These findings demonstrate that the environmental conditions in greenhouses in Kearneysville, W.Va., from winter to spring are adequate for `Camarosa' and `Gaviota' color development, but not for `Diamante' strawberries. Of the three cultivars, only `Camarosa' was highly productive (1.2 kg berries per plant), even in the greenhouse. Berries were high in ascorbic acid, folic acid, phenolic acid, anthocyanins, and ORAC activity.