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Because of the success of the grape cultivar Shine Muscat in Korea, consumer interest in high-quality seedless grapes has significantly increased (Kim et al., 2021). In Korea, most seedless grapes are currently produced by treating genetically seeded grape cultivars, such as Shine Muscat and Kyoho, with plant growth regulators before and after flowering. Unfortunately, although the method effectively induces production of seedless fruits, the standardization of fruit quality is difficult to achieve because it is not easy to set an optimal treatment time and concentration of the growth regulator. Furthermore, the additional labor required, which accounts for a

In Korea, ‘Campbell Early’, ‘Shine Muscat’, and ‘Kyoho’ account for more than 90% of the Korean grape cultivation area (Kim et al., 2021). As a result, the supply of grapes in the Korean market is excessive during a certain period. Consequently, it is difficult to avoid a reduction in the wholesale price, and the opportunity for consumers to experience other grape cultivars becomes limited. In the current scenario, in which imports are occurring rapidly following the recent implementation of the free-trade agreement with Chile and the United States, it is necessary to cultivate various high-quality grape cultivars to