Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 6 of 6 items for :
- Author or Editor: Mina Schiffmann-Nadel x
- Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science x
Abstract
‘Fuerte’ avocado fruits at all development stages show a similar climacteric pattern; however, with development, the postharvest pre-climacteric becomes progressively shorter. The respiration rate of seeds is higher in young than in mature fruits when determined separately from that of the whole fruit. It is concluded that the contribution of seed respiration to whole fruit respiration decreases with development over the growth season.
Abstract
To determine the optimal temperature for prolonged storage of ‘Marsh Seedless’ grapefruit, fruits were stored at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 17°C for periods of 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks, followed by 2 weeks at 17°. Optimal results were obtained with storage at 12°. At this temperature storage of fruit could be extended for 16 to 20 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of shelf-life. At temperatures above 12°C the amount of decay increased, while below 10°, the fruit was pitted and attacked by mold decays and also by stem end decay after prolonged storage.
Mold decay fungi were Penicillium italicum Wehmer and to a lesser extent P. digitatum (Pers.) Sac. Fungi isolated from stem-end decay in fruit stored at 12–17° were Diplodia natalensis P. Evans, and Phomopsis citri Fawc, Alternaria citri Pierce and Fusarium sp. at 4–10°.
Abstract
Postharvest treatments with thiabendazole (TBZ) and benomyl reduced the incidence of chilling injury (Cl) in grapefruit (Citrus paradisi, MacFadyen) as expressed by peel pitting. The effect persisted during prolonged storage at 2, 5 and 8°C. Thiabendazole was more effective than benomyl. The effectiveness of both TBZ and benomyl in water suspension increased when followed by waxing, but the greatest reduction in Cl was obtained with the chemicals incorporated in the wax coating. The effect of TBZ was enhanced by increasing concentration and residues, while the effect of benomyl did not change with concentration. Both chemicals were effective in reducing rots during cold storage. There was a marked increase in the incidence of rots during shelf-life. These rots, primarily of the mold type—Penicillium digitatum Sacc. and P. italicum Wehmer, developed mostly in pits induced by the low storage temperatures.
Abstract
Changes in air composition of the citrus storage atmosphere and of the internal atmosphere of the fruit as affected by the ventilation rate were studied using 1 grapefruit and 2 orange cultivars. These changes were examined in relation to fruit weight loss, ethanol content of the juice, and rot development during storage periods of up to 5 months. Rates of ventilation affected the CO2 concentrations more than the O2 levels of both the external and internal atmospheres of the fruit. In small-scale tests, ventilation rates as low as 10%·hr−1 of the empty volume of the storage space did not cause major changes in the gas composition, nor did they effect fruit quality adversely. In commercial tests, however, an increased rate of ventilation (70% to 100%·hr−1) was needed to reach similar results. On the basis of this information we recommend reducing the ventilation rate in commercial citrus storage rooms from 150% or 200%·hr−1, the rate now commonly employed, to 100%·hr−1. This reduced ventilation rate will help lower costs of refrigeration, while maintaining good fruit quality.
Abstract
Precooling at -2°C for 6 - 24 hrs prior to simulated ventilated shipment reduced weight loss of citrus fruit. Weight loss from the fruit was reduced as cooling rate increased. The difference in weight loss between precooled and control fruit was maintained during simulated shipment and after storage. Precooling the fruit to temp below 0°C could adversely affect its quality and should be avoided.
Abstract
Peel injury in 3 citrus fruit cultivars fumigated with ethylene dibromide (EDB) was due to the persistence of resudue of the fumigant in the fruit peel. Initial resudues after fumigation were proportional to the concn and time of exposure. The desorption rate during aeration increased with temp. Incidence of peel injuries was highest in fruit stored at low temp or wrapped in polyethylene bags, probably due to prolonged action of EDB residues on the peel.
Storage of fumigated fruit in an atmosphere containing an increased concn of CO2 delayed the appearance of damage. Susceptibility was greatest in ‘Marsh’ grapefruits, followed by ‘Shamouti’ and ‘Valencia’ oranges.