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- Author or Editor: Herbert J. Hopen x
- HortScience x
Based on recommendations for commercial cabbage producers fourteen herbicides were labeled over the thirty year period of 1965 to 1994. The number of herbicide choices ranged from two in 1965 and 1982 to ten in 1993 and 1994. The ten herbicides labeled for use in Wisconsin in 1994 are clomazone, DCPA, glyphosate, metolachlor, napropamide, sethoxydim, trifluralin, oxyfluorfen, paraquat and pyridate. Thirty two candidate herbicides were evaluated in thirteen of the thirty years but have not been approved for use in cabbage production. State “emergency” and state “third party” labels will be discussed as a means to provide herbicides for specific grower uses. The efficacy of each of the labeled herbicides will be discussed as supported by field, greenhouse and laboratory studies.
Abstract
The effect of postemergence applications of mefluidide at 0, 0.14, 0.28, and 0.56 kg/ha or MON 4621 at 0, 2.2, 3.3, and 4.4 kg/ha on growth and seedhead development of wild and cultivated proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) was determined. Application of mefluidide at 0.56 kg/ha 17 days after seeding reduced plant height and fresh shoot weight and inhibited panicle formation of both millets, whereas the 0.28 and 0.14 kg/ha rates had no effect on plant growth. When applied 23 days after seeding, mefluidide at 0.56 and 0.28 kg/ha reduced plant height of both millets and fresh shoot weight of wild proso millet. These rates also caused abnormal panicle formation. The 0.14 kg/ha rate had no effect on plant growth. All 3 rates of MON 4621, applied 16 days after seeding, reduced plant height and fresh shoot weight of both millets, and the 3.3 and 4.4 kg/ha rates were very effective in preventing panicle formation. Chemical names used: N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl]amino] phenyl]acetamide (mefluidide); (acetamide, N-[(acetylamino)methyl]-2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)(MON 4621).
Abstract
Humans have been struggling with the plant environment since they started sowing seeds and cultivating vegetation for food. Early attempts were primarily to keep the plants alive. As time passed, trial and error showed that certain conditions favored growth and production. With this knowledge came cultural practices for each species, which were often mixtures of folklore, superstition and fact. Many of these early growing methods have been passed down to recent times.