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- Author or Editor: David R. Hershey x
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There are many notable women horticulturists who deserve greater recognition in college horticultural curricula. Ten notable women in horticultural history, listed alphabetically, are,
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Jenny Butchart (1868-1950) - Created Butchart Gardens.
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Beatrix Farrand (1872-1959) - American landscape gardener, famous for Dumbarton Oaks and many other landscapes.
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Annie Jack (1839-1912) - Canadian horticultural author.
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Gertrude Jekyll (1843-1932) - English landscape gardener.
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Martha Logan (1702/04-1779) - Pioneer nurseryman.
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Jane Loudon (1807-1858) - English horticultural author.
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Isabella Preston (1881-1965) - Canadian plant breeder.
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Theodosia Burr Shepherd (1845-1906)- Pioneer California flower seed grower/breeder and retail florist.
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Harriet Williams Russell Strong (1844-1926) - Pioneer in irrigation and in the California walnut industry.
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Cynthia Westcott (1898-1983) - The plant doctor.
John H. Patterson, founder and president of the National Cash Register Co. (now NCR Corp.), is best known for his innovative business practices which made the cash register a standard product, Less well-known was his program of industrial welfare for NCR employees which included many uses of horticulture. Illustrations of the landscaping contests Patterson sponsored in his factory neighborhoods are shown in a collection of early 1900's glass lantern slides recently discovered in the University of Maryland Horticulture Building attic. The noted Olmsted landscaping firm was hired to design the NCR factory grounds. Neighborhood children were given company land, tools, instructions, and awards, enabling them to grow vegetables to sell and to give to their families. Patterson created these `Boys Gardens' to occupy youngsters who might otherwise break windows in the NCR factory and give the factory neighborhood a bad reputation. Although his program of industrial welfare was unique in an era of worker exploitation, Patterson justified the program because “It pays”.
Research indicates that humor is an effective method to reinforce learning, yet humor is rarely used in horticultural textbooks. Use of humor in horticulture is easier than in many disciplines because humor dealing with plants is less likely to offend specific population segments since plants, not people, are usually the butt of the jokes. A large collection of plant humor has been assembled, including the following: Edward Lear's 32 line drawings of “Nonsense Botany”, e.g. Manypeeplia upsidonia; Gary Larson's macabre Far Side cartoons dealing with plants, e.g. the “Venus kidtrap”; periodic tables of vegetables and of fruits & nuts; Arcimboldo's Renaissance paintings of faces composed of flowers, vegetables, and plant parts and their modern imitations; Robert Wood's book, How to Tell the Birds From The Flowers, containing drawings and poems; Axel Erlandson's fantasticly grafted trees; plant movies like the two versions of Little Shop of Horrors, which is set in a flower shop; Joke Fountains of the Renaissance; and numerous cartoons from science periodicals.
Scientific terms should have a single definition to avoid confusion. The noun “herb” has two broad categories of definitions, the first as a plant used in perfumery, as a dye, in cooking as flavoring, etc. and the second as a description of plant habit. Examination of over 30 definitions for the latter meaning of herb revealed great differences. Herb is variously defined as a “nonwoody plant” or as a plant with “annual aboveground stems”, allowing woody plants with annual stems to be called herbs, e.g. Buddleia or Vitex in colder climates. Other definitions restrict herbs to certain portions of the plant kingdom, such as “seed plants” or “vascular plants”. The adjective “herbaceous” is also defined in numerous ways, e.g. “not woody”, “dying to the ground each year”, “having the texture, color, etc. of an ordinary foliage leaf”. The same plant may be termed herb or herbaceous using some definitions, but not others. Since herb and herbaceous have been defined in so many different ways, the terms should be avoided, unless the definition being used is given, and more specific terms used, e.g. nonwoody plant.
Abstract
Shoot or leaf cuttings can be rooted in flats of perlite under intermittent mist for use in a static solution culture system (Hershey and Merritt, 1986). However, removing perlite from the roots before transfer to hydroponics is tedious and damages the roots; also, all the perlite cannot be removed, which causes errors in dry mass and nutrient concentration determinations. A hydroponic propagation system was constructed of inexpensive, readily available materials that allowed rooting of large numbers of cuttings under intermittent mist.