Search Results
You are looking at 31 - 40 of 57 items for
- Author or Editor: Mark J. Bassett x
The white-seeded snap bean `Early Wax' (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was crossed with a black-seeded breeding line 5-593. The F2 segregation data are consistent with a three-gene model, in which all three genes must be homozygous recessive to give white seed coat. One of the genes is t because of segregation in F2 for plants with white flowers and partial seed coat coloration. We hypothesize that the genes ers and ers2 in the presence of f block all seed color expression in all genes for partial coloration of seed. The hypothesis of three recessive genes was confirmed in a backcross test involving `Early Wax' x F1. The interaction of ers and ers2 was tested in progeny tests of partly colored BC-F1 plants. One of the erasure genes, ers2, blocks color expression in color zones close to the hilum, but only in the presence of ers. The other erasure gene, ers, blocks color expression only in color zones beyond those close to the hilum in a manner similar to the restr locus of Prakken (1972). The old hypothesis that partly colored seed phenotypes require the presence of a second factor e in addition to t, where the function of e is vague and unspecified, should be discarded for lack of supporting evidence, Under the new hypothesis, soldier series phenotypes (e.g., bipunctata, arcus, virgata, and virgarcus) may express in t ers Ers2 by action of ers or in t Ers Ers2 by action of various genes for partly colored seeds other than ers.
Dry seed of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding line S-593 was treated with 200 Gy of gamma radiation, and M2 seed was produced. The seed was planted at Prosser, Wash., and selection was made for plants with greatly reduced seed set. The inheritance of one of the selections for possible male sterility mutation was studied in F2, F3, and backcross generations. This character is controlled by a single recessive gene, for which the symbol ms-1 is proposed. Plants carrying ms-l/ms-1 produce well-filled pods after manual pollination with pollen from normal plants, but produce no seed when protected from insect pollination in greenhouse and field environments. Uses for this mutant are discussed.
Inheritance of two phenotypes, the virgarcus pattern of partly colored seedcoats and the margo d seedcoat pattern, were studied in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) materials that segregated jointly for genes controlling the two phenotypes to test the hypothesis of allelism of two genes, D and Z. The F2 progeny from the cross j margo BC3 5-593 × t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 produced an unexpected phenotypic class, margo d, suggesting possible allelism of D and Z. The F2 also produced another unexpected phenotypic class, white seedcoat, for which the genetic hypothesis t j z was made. The F2 from the cross t j marginata BC3 5-593 × t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 provided supporting evidence for the new genotype, t j z, for a white seedcoat. Analysis of the F2 and F3 progenies of 80 random F2 plants from the cross t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 × d j (margo d) BC3 5-593 provided support for the hypothesis that the D and Z loci are allelic. Production of two different phenotypes (white vs. white with two tiny pale gray dots, one each at the raphe and micropyle) for t J/j z in two different genetic and cytoplasmic backgrounds is discussed. The F2 from the crosses d j (margo d) BC2 5-593 × j v margo BC2 5-593 and d j (margo d) BC3 5-593 × j margo BC3 5-593 segregated for d (vs. D) phenotypes, which were found not to be independent of a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker (AM10560) associated (1.4 cM) with the Z locus. Because the Z gene symbol has priority, we propose to retain Z for the locus.
Abstract
Two new mutants for the reclining foliage (RF) character were induced by treating seed of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding lines B-351 and 182-1 with 20 krad of γ-radiation. These two mutants were shown to be monogenic and recessive. Allelism tests between the common RF gene rf and the two new mimic mutants for RF indicated that each of the three mutants has an independent locus. The symbols rf2 and rf3 were given to the new mutants. F2 data from the allelism tests showed that the rf2 stock carries a recessive epistatic gene i that does not affect rf2 but suppresses expression of rf and rf3. The rf locus was shown to be independent of the Sur locus for RF in linkage group VII.
Abstract
Linkage detection and estimation procedures based on deviation from expected F2 segregation ratios in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were used to localize two genes. The product ratio method of estimation was used with four-class segregations, and the maximum likelihood method was used with three-class segregations and for combining multiple sets of data. A tight linkage of 1.6 ± 1.5 map units (m.u.) was found between dwarf seed (ds) and dark green savoy leaf (dgs), two genes in linkage group VII. A third gene in linkage group VII, stipelless lanceolate leaf (sl), was found to be 18.7 ± 1.6 m.u. from ds. The distance between dgs and sl was found to be 21.2 ± 1.0 m.u., thus establishing that ds is located between dgs and sl. This location of ds supports the contention that ds and tenuis (te), a gene described by Lamprecht, are the same gene. In linkage group IX, an estimate of 4.6 ± 1.5 m.u. was obtained for the linkage between diamond leaf (dia) and progressive chlorosis (prc). Spindly branch (sb) was found to be 15.4 ± 0.7 m.u. from prc and 11.4 ± 1.1 m.u. from dia. Thus, dia is located between sb and prc. The independence of linkage groups VII and IX is demonstrated by the independence of representatives of the two groups.
Abstract
Linkage tests in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were made between black-seeded lines carrying the marker genes round leaf (rnd) and stipelless lanceolate leaf (sl) and the white-seeded lines ‘Miami’ and ‘Inepuisable’ and an induced mutant for white seed, 3-254. The crosses ‘Miami’ × ‘Inepuisable’ and ‘Miami’ × 3-254 were made to test for allelism of the white seed genes in these lines. ‘Miami’ was found to be allelic to ‘Inepuisable’ and 3-254 at the white seed locus (presumed to be P). Furthermore, there was no indication of linkage between the white seed locus and the markers rnd and sl. These results contradict expectations of linkage of P with rnd and sl based on previously published linkage maps and indicate that the present map position of P is incorrect.
Inheritance of Anasazi pattern of partly colored seedcoats in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was studied in a genetic stock t ana B V Anasazi BC3 5-593, whose Anasazi pattern is derived from Plant Introduction (PI) 451802. Line 5-593 is a determinate, Florida dry bean breeding line (with small black seeds) used as the recurrent parent in the development of many genetic stocks. The F2 from the cross t ana B V Anasazi BC3 5-593 × t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 segregated for two nonparental phenotypic classes and was consistent with the hypothesis that a single recessive gene, with tentative symbol ana, produces the Anasazi pattern with t Z ana and a new partly colored pattern Anabip with t z ana. Thus, the Anasazi factor is not an allele at the Z locus. Analysis of 57 random F3 progenies from the cross t ana B V Anasazi BC3 5-593 × t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 supported a genetic model where: 1) with t Z the Anasazi phenotype is controlled by a single recessive gene ana, i.e., genotype t Z ana, 2) the Anabip phenotype has the genotype t z ana, and 3) t Z/z ana produces a restricted Anasazi pattern. The allelism test cross t z ana Anabip BC3 5-593 × t z l ers white BC3 5-593 produced complementation in the F2, demonstrating nonallelism of Ana (actually Bip) with the L locus. The allelism test cross t z ana Anabip BC3 5-593 × t z bip bipunctata BC3 5-593 failed to show complementation in F1 and F2, demonstrating allelism of Ana with the Bip locus. Using bulk segregant analysis, molecular markers linked in coupling to the Ana (OM9200, 5.4 cM) and Bip (OJ17700, 6.0 cM) genes were discovered. Allelism was also suggested by the result that the same linkage distance and recombination pattern were observed when the Ana marker was used to score the bipunctata population. We propose the gene symbol bip ana for the recessive allele at the Bip locus that produces Anasazi pattern with genotype t Z bip ana and the Anabip pattern with genotype t z bip ana. Although bip ana and bip are both recessive to Bip, their interactions with the Z locus are extraordinarily different. The pattern restrictive power of bip ana expresses partly colored pattern with t Z, whereas bip requires t z to express partly colored pattern.
‘Painted Lady’ (Phaseolus coccineus L.) has bicolor flowers with vermilion banner petal and white wing petals. This flower color pattern is not known in common bean (P. vulgaris L.). The bicolor trait was backcrossed into common bean and its inheritance investigated, including allelism tests with other genes in common bean (T, P, and V) for flower color or pattern and brown seed coat. A pure line (line 33) with bicolor flower and dark olive brown seed coat was crossed to line 5-593 (no flower pattern and black seed coat). Data from the F2 and F3 progenies from that cross demonstrated that a single recessive gene controlled both the bicolor flower and dark olive brown seed coat by pleiotropic gene action. Allelism tests between the bicolor trait (line 179c) and standard genetic tester stocks involving the T, P, V, and Wb (white banner) genes for flower color or seed coat color demonstrated independence of bicolor from those genes and further supported the hypothesis of pleiotropic action on flower and seed coat. Also, the Wb gene was demonstrated to be independent of T and P. The gene symbol bic is proposed for the bicolor gene.
Among light red and dark red kidney common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties, pink seedcoat color (light red kidney) is dominant to dark red, but when Red Mexican varieties (with dark red seedcoats) are crossed with dark red kidney varieties, dark red seedcoat is dominant to the pink segregants observed in an F2 population. A genetic investigation of this reversal of dominance was performed by making crosses in all combinations among standard varieties of the four recessive-red market classes—Light Red Kidney `California Early Light Red Kidney', Pink `Sutter Pink', Red Mexican `NW 63', and Dark Red Kidney `Montcalm'—and observing segregation for seedcoat colors in F2 and F3 progenies. The data were consistent with the hypothesis that `NW 63' carries a new allele at Rk, viz., rk cd, where cd stands for convertible dark red kidney. Thus, C rk cd expresses dark red kidney seedcoats and c u rk cd expresses pink seedcoats. Also, C B rk cd expresses garnet brown seedcoats, whereas C B rk d expresses liver brown seedcoat color. Thus, we propose the gene symbol rk cd for the Rk locus gene in `NW 63'. The rk gene from Light Red Kidney `Redkloud' and `Sutter Pink' was backcrossed (with c u b v) into the recurrent parent 5-593, a Florida dry bean breeding line with seedcoat genotype P [C r] J G B V Rk. In the F2 progenies of BC2 to 5-593, the c u b v rk segregants from `Redkloud' gave true pink seedcoats, whereas those derived from `Sutter Pink' gave consistently very weak pink color under humid Florida growing conditions. We propose the gene symbol rk p, where p stands for pale pink, for the distinctive rk allele in `Sutter Pink'. The more general implications of the above findings were discussed.
The inheritance of blue pattern flower (BPF) expression was investigated in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The BPF trait was derived from accession line G07262, and the flowers express blue banner petal and white wings with blue veins. Crosses between a BPF stock and three other parents, t p mic long micropyle stripe BC3 5–593, t z Fib arcus BC4 5–593, and t Z bip ana Fib marginata BC3 5–593, all segregated in F2 for BPF or white flowers in a 9:7 ratio, respectively. Progeny tests in F3 from two of the crosses supported the hypothesis that two complementary dominant genes control BPF expression and permitted a genetic linkage estimate of cM = 32.4 ± 7.91 map units between p mic and one of the two genes for BPF. A cross between t z fib virgarcus BC3 5–593 and T Prp i-2 V BC2 5–593 demonstrated that t Prp i-2 did not express BPF. Two crosses, T Prp i-2 V BC2 5–593 t p mic BC3 5–593 and 5–593 × a BPF stock, segregated in F2 for plants expressing BPF in a 3/16 frequency. The combined data demonstrated that a new gene, t bp (bp = blue pattern), interacts with Prp i-2 to express BPF and that P is linked with Prp i-2 by 32 map units. The dominance order at the T locus is T > t bp > t. The pedigree source of the t bp gene and the heterogeneity of PI 632736 (t p mic long micropyle stripe BC3 5–593) are discussed.