Search Results
You are looking at 21 - 30 of 57 items for
- Author or Editor: Mark J. Bassett x
The inheritance of hilum ring color in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was investigated using various genetic tester stocks developed by backcrossing recessive alleles into a recurrent parent stock 5-593 with seedcoat genotype P [C r] D J G B V Rk, viz., mar BC2 5-593, mar BC3 5-593, mar v BC2 5-593, mar d BC2 5-593, and mar d BC3 5-593. The current hypothesis is that the margo character is controlled by mar and hilum ring color is controlled by d but expresses only with mar. The V locus controls flower and seedcoat color. The allelism test crosses `Citroen' (P C d j g b v lae) × mar BC3 5-593 and `Citroen' × mar d BC3 5-593 demonstrated that mar is allelic with j and that the putative d in mar d BC3 5-593 is allelic with the d in `Citroen'. Thus, the former genetic tester stocks mar BC3 5-593 and mar d BC3 5-593 are reclassified as j BC3 5-593 and d j BC3 5-593, respectively, because mar is a synonym for j. Similarly, the former genetic tester stock mar v BC2 5-593 is reclassified as j v BC2 5-593. The interaction of j with d expresses as loss of color in the hilum ring. The development of the white-seeded genetic tester stock P c u d j BC3 5-593 was described in detail, where the all-recessive tester `Prakken 75' was used as the source of the recessive alleles. The previously reported work showing that the partly colored seedcoat gene t interacts with mar to control seedcoat pattern is now interpreted to mean that the joker (J) locus interacts with t to produce partly colored seedcoat patterns. The genetic loci D and V were found to segregate independently. The common gene for dull seedcoats (asper, asp) is discussed and contrasted with j.
The development of genetic tester stocks in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for the partly colored seedcoat patterns `bipunctata BC3 5-593' (t z bip) and `virgarcus BC3 5-593' (t z) was described. The inheritance of the bipunctata pattern was studied in the F2 from the crosses `bipunctata BC1 5-593' × 5-593 and `bipunctata BC2 5-593' × 5-593. The data supported the hypothesis that a single recessive gene (bip) converts virgarcus (t z Bip) to bipunctata (t z bip). The inheritance of bipunctata was also studied in the F2 from the cross `bipunctata BC3 5-593' × `virgarcus BC3 5-593'. The data supported the hypothesis of complete dominance of Bip over bip in a t z genetic background highly related to the recurrent parent 5-593, where only the parental phenotypes appear in the F2.
The inheritance of flower and seedcoat color was studied using Lamprecht line M0137 (PI 527845) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as the source of a new allele, V wf, at the V locus. The cross M0137 c res V wf × C v BC2 5-593 (a genetic tester stock) was studied in progeny of the F1, F2, F3, and F4 generations. The observed segregation for flower and seed colors was consistent with the hypothesis that M0137 carried a new allele, V wf, that produced (in the presence of P C J G B) white flowers and black seeds rather than the white flowers and mineral-brown seeds produced (in the presence of P C J G B) by v. The V/V wf genotype produced cobalt-violet flowers, the same as V/v. A test cross of F3 V wf × t BC1 5-593 bipunctata demonstrated that V wf is not allelic with t, a gene that can produce white or colored flowers and self-colored or partly colored seeds, depending on background genotype.
Linkage between the Fin locus controlling plant habit and the Z locus controlling partly colored seedcoats in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was studied in the F2 and F3 progenies from the cross `t virgarcus BC3 5-593' (determinate habit, virgarcus pattern of partly colored seeds, fin tz) × `Steuben Yellow Eye' (indeterminate habit, sellatus pattern of partly colored seeds, Fin t z sel). The heterozygous genotype z sel/z produces the piebald pattern of partly colored seeds, whereas Fin is completely dominate to fin. Selection was made in the F2 for crossover phenotypes: indeterminate habit with virgarcus seeds or determinate habit with piebald seeds. Linkage calculations were based on crossover genotypes confirmed by F3 progeny tests grown in the greenhouse. The recombination percentage between Fin and Z was 1.032±0.33 map units. The gene symbol z sel is proposed, where t Z gives the expansa partly colored seedcoat pattern, t z sel gives sellatus, and t z gives virgarcus.
An inheritance study was conducted with genetic stocks constructed in the genetic background of the recurrent parent 5-593, a Florida dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding line with black seeds and purple flowers and genotype P T Z l +. The genetic stocks, t ers ers-2 BC3 5-593 (pure white seeds), t virgarcus BC3 5-593, and t BC2 5-593 self-colored were constructed by backcrossing selected recessive alleles for partly colored seedcoats into 5-593. The cross t ers ers-2 BC3 5-593 × t BC2 5-593 self-colored was studied in F1, F2, and F3. The observed data supported the hypothesis that ers is a synonym for z and that ers-2 is a synonym for a new allele (l ers) at the L locus. The cross t ers ers-2 BC3 5-593 × t virgarcus BC3 5-593 was studied in F1 and F2 progeny, and the results confirmed the hypothesis of allelism between ers and z. `Thuringia' (pure white seedcoats) with genotype P t z L was crossed with t ers ers-2 BC3 5-593, t virgarcus BC3 5-593 and t BC2 5-593 self-colored. The cross `Thuringia' (P t z L) × t ers ers-2 BC3 5-593 was studied in F1 and F2 and supported the hypothesis that l ers is an allele at L. The results of the other two test crosses are discussed. The gene ers-2 is a new recessive allele at L, for which the new symbol l ers is proposed. Thus, the dominance order at the L locus is L > l + > l ers, where l + is the null allele at L found in 5-593. The l + allele does not restrict the colored area of a partly colored seedcoat and is hypothetically the wild-type allele at L.
A new gene for flower color pattern, designated white banner (WB), appeared in material derived from the cross `Harvester' snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) × Plant Introduction (PI) accession 273666 of scarlet runner bean (P. coccineus L.). The WB character has a white banner petal and pale violet wings (veronica-violet 639/2). The inheritance of the mutant was studied in crosses involving dry bean breeding line 5-593, which has bishops-violet (wild-type) flowers, and genetic stocks v BC2 5-593 (white flowers) and blu BC2 5-593 (blue flowers). Segregation in F2 and F3 progenies from the cross v BC2 5-593 × WB supported the hypothesis that WB is controlled by a single recessive gene that is nonallelic with the V locus. An allelism test with blu BC2 5-593 gave evidence that WB is not allelic with the blu locus. The gene symbol wb is proposed for the gene producing WB.
Plant Introduction (PI) accession 507984 of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has partly colored seed coats and either pure white flowers or light laelia flowers. Crosses were made with white-flowered plants of PI 507984: white-flowered plant #1 × the genetic stock t ers ers2 BC2 5-593 and white-flowered plant #2 × recurrent parent dry bean breeding line 5-593. Inheritance was studied in the F1, F2, and F3 of the former cross and the F1 and F2 of the latter cross. PI 507984 (white flower, plant #1) × t ers ers2 BC2 5-593 gave F1 plants with colored flowers and partly colored seeds. The F2 gave a 9:7 segregation ratio (colored flowers to white flowers), and the genetic model proposed is that flower color is restored in the presence of t/t by two complementary genes, Fcr and Fcr-2. That model was confirmed by F3 progeny tests of 21 F2 parents with colored flowers. The cross PI 507984 (white flower, plant #2) × 5-593 gave an F2 segregation ratio of 9:3:4 (bishops-violet: light laelia: white flowers), indicating that the white-flowered PI 507984 has v lae masked by t. Analysis of all the data suggests that PI 507984 is heterogeneous at Fcr and Fcr-2, having all three possible homozygous genotypes, viz., either light laelia flowers from v lae t Fcr Fcr-2 or white flowers from v lae t Fcr fcr-2 or v lae t fcr Fcr-2. The flower color restoration gene in 5-593 is arbitrarily assigned the symbol Fcr. Great variability occurs in partly colored seeds of PI 507984 due to the environment in which the seed was produced.
Dry seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were treated with 20 krad (1 rad = 0.01 Gy) of gamma rays to induce plant mutations to be used as genetic markers in mapping studies. Four leaf mutants are described and illustrated. Inheritance studies demonstrated that each is controlled by a single recessive gene. The proposed gene symbols are: cml for chlorotic moderately lanceolate leaf, lbd for leaf-bleaching dwarf, glb for glossy bronzing leaf, and 01 for overlapping leaflets. Linkage tests involving cml and nine previously reported marker mutants failed to detect any linkages.
The inheritance of a seedcoat pattern having white micropyle stripe (WMS) on a colored background was studied in two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions from Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical—G12606 and G07262. The WMS character from G12606 was backcrossed into the recurrent parent 5-593, which has black seedcoats. Test crosses of the derived WMS stocks (BC1 and BC2) with genetic tester stocks stp (stippled seedcoat) BC2 5-593 and stp hbw (flowers with half banner petal white) BC3 5-593, respectively, demonstrated in F1 and F2 progenies that WMS is controlled by an allele at the Stp locus. The gene symbol stp mic is proposed for the allele expressing the WMS character. The dominance order at the Stp locus is Stp > stp mic > stp hbw > stp. Although stp and stp hbw each produce a different color pattern on flowers, stp mic does not produce patterned flowers. A selection from accession G07262 with a long, white micropyle stripe was crossed with 5-593 to derive a stock named F3 stp mic long micropyle stripe, which was then crossed to the genetic tester stock t z virgarcus BC2 5-593 to produce F1 and F2. Expression of the long micropyle stripe was controlled by the interaction of t and stp mic in the genotype t Z stp mic. The triple recessive interaction from genotype t z stp mic was also observed.
The red common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedcoat colors produced by the dominant gene R and the dark red kidney gene rk d are very similar, making it difficult for breeders of red bean varieties to know which genotype is in their materials. A protocol employing test crosses with genetic stocks having known genotypes for seedcoat colors was developed to identify genotypes with either of two very similar dark red seedcoat colors: garnet brown controlled by rk d and oxblood controlled by R. Twenty bean varieties and breeding lines were test crossed with genetic tester stocks c u BC3 5-593 and b v BC3 5-593, and four of the varieties were test crossed with [? R] b v BC3 5-593. Analysis of the seedcoat colors and patterns in the F1 progenies from the test crosses demonstrated that unambiguous identification of the genotypes of the two dark red colors could be achieved using the c u BC3 5-593 and b v BC3 5-593 testers. The dark red color (garnet brown) of the Small Red market class materials was demonstrated to be produced by rk d, and the dark red color (oxblood) of `Jacobs Cattle' was demonstrated to be produced by R. A Light Red Kidney market class stock was derived from `Redkloud' and used in two crosses: c u b v rk BC1 5-593 × b v BC3 5-593 and c u b v rk BC1 5-593 × c u BC3 5-593. Classification of the F2 progenies demonstrated that the c u gene does not entirely prevent rk red color from being modified by V. The interactions of rk, rk d, and R with C, c u, G, B, and V are discussed, and previous literature concerning those interactions is critically reviewed.