antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, peroxidase (POD), CAT, APX, and nonenzymatic antioxidants like AsA and reduced glutathione (GSH) ( Fariduddin et al., 2014 ; Wu et al., 2014 ). Activities and contents of these antioxidants were changed to detoxify
Shanshan Sun, Mengying An, Liebao Han, and Shuxia Yin
Yong In Kuk and Ji San Shin
peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), and an ascorbate–glutathione cycle that includes glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2). Several small antioxidant molecules, such as ascorbic acid, glutathione, α-tocopherol, carotenoids, and
Georgia Ntatsi, Dimitrios Savvas, Georgia Ntatsi, Hans-Peter Kläring, and Dietmar Schwarz
damaging effect of ROS is prevented through the scavenging activity of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.12.1.1) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD, EC 1.11.1.7) ( Sundar et al., 2004 ). ROS scavenging capacity can be enhanced by hormones such
Lijian Liang, Yanming Deng, Xiaobo Sun, Xinping Jia, and Jiale Su
m . Fig. 5. Effects of nitric oxide (NO) pretreatment on the activities of ( A ) superoxide dismutase (SOD), ( B ) catalase (CAT), ( C ) peroxidase (POD), and ( D ) ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in anthurium under chilling stress. Anthurium plants used
Ming Ding, Beibei Bie, Wu Jiang, Qingqing Duan, Hongmei Du, and Danfeng Huang
supernatant was used for the analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). SOD activity was determined following the method described by Giannopolitis and Ries (1977) . Reaction mixture (3 mL) was mixed with 50 m m phosphate
Abu Shamim Mohammad Nahiyan and Yoh-ichi Matsubara
-AMF-inoculated plants; AMF = Glomus sp. R10. Bars represent se s (n = 10). *Significant difference between non-AMF and AMF plants ( t test, P ≤ 0.05). Fig. 2. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical
Fei Xiong, Jieren Liao, Yuanchun Ma, Yuhua Wang, Wanping Fang, and Xujun Zhu
the exogenous Put treatment by day 8. Fig. 2. Antioxidant enzyme activity under exogenous putrescine application and different salinity stress ( P < 0.05). SOD = superoxide dismutase; POD = peroxidase. Effects of exogenous Put on antioxidant enzyme
Misael O. Vega-García, Greici López-Espinoza, Jeanett Chávez Ontiveros, José J. Caro-Corrales, Francisco Delgado Vargas, and José A. López-Valenzuela
., 2009 ). An oxidative stress response has been related to the appearance of the CI symptoms, suggesting that the antioxidant system, including superoxide dismutases (SOD), peroxidases, catalases (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR), confers protection
Rocío Leyva, Christian Constán-Aguilar, Begoña Blasco, Eva Sánchez-Rodríguez, Teresa Soriano, and Juan M. Ruíz
antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and enzymes involved in the ascorbate–glutathione cycle (Halliwell-Asada cycle) ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR
Mohamad Hossein Sheikh Mohamadi, Nematollah Etemadi, Ali Nikbakht, and Mohammad Pessarakli
concentrations improved the APX activity of stressed-exposed plants on days 21 and 63 so that the final APX activity of grass treated with 0.5 kg·ha −1 of TE was 30% higher than their nontreated counterparts ( Fig. 3 ). Fig. 3. Ascorbate peroxidase activities