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within the plant can be toxic ( Munns and Tester, 2008 ). When plants are exposed to environmental stresses, plants typically synthesize increased levels of the phytohormone ethylene and are often unable to grow and proliferate to any great extent, at

reducing sugars and hence darkening of fry color, it has recently been shown that this is true only when a trace concentration of ethylene gas is also present ( Daniels-Lake et al., 2005b ). Ethylene gas can increase reducing sugar concentrations in

exposure, and pathogen attack ( Osborne, 1989 ; Roberts et al., 2002 ). The plant hormone ethylene plays a regulatory role in abscission and can accelerate the process even though ethylene does not initiate abscission ( Bleecker and Patterson, 1997

, temperature, ethylene, and cultural practices ( Lancaster, 1992 ; Saure, 1990 ). Endogenous ethylene is closely associated with red color development and anthocyanin accumulation in fruit skin ( Blankenship and Unrath, 1988 ). The concentration of endogenous

Abbreviations: EFE, ethylene-forming enzyme. 1 Département de Physiologie Végétale et Ecosystèmes, Section Ionisation des Végétaux, CEN de Cadarache, 13108 St Paul lez Durance Cedex, France. 2 Ecole Nation ale Supérieure Agronomique, 145

the ethylene production and perception measurements.

Ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) is a gaseous plant hormone that is produced by plants during normal development and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses ( Abeles et al., 1992 ). Ethylene is involved in seed germination, stem elongation, abscission

measured CO 2 concentrations and observed fry color changes (J. Walsh, personal communication). In contrast, ethylene gas in the storage atmosphere is one of several factors that are known to cause darkening of potato fry color during storage ( Daniels

ripening indices are color of fruit flesh and TSS content ( Hatami et al., 2016 ). However, there is often noted variability between and within melon types regarding ethylene production, softening, and postharvest chilling sensitivity ( Fernandez

, silencing of fruit ripening-related TomLoxA and TomLoxB had no effect on volatile formation ( Griffiths et al., 1999 ). Ethylene also plays a regulatory role in volatile generation as fruit ripen ( Flores et al., 2002 ). In ‘Royal Gala’ apple