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seedlings were grown in a glass-glazed greenhouse with exhaust fans and evaporative cooling pads, radiant hot water heat, and retractable shade curtains controlled by an environmental control system (Maximizer Precision 10; Priva North America, Vineland

occurrence of the adiabatic evaporation, the air temperature cannot be allowed to decrease below the wet bulb temperature ( Alkhedhair et al., 2016 ). Consequently, evaporative cooling systems are incapable of significantly decreasing high temperatures that

. In sweet orange, we also sampled newly expanded leaves in addition to older leaves. The greenhouse evaporative cooling system and supplemental heat maintained temperatures above ≈60 °F in winter and below ≈95 °F during summer. Plants were overhead

-shaped greenhouse was 96 ft long × 30 ft wide × 12 ft tall with bows every 6 ft, an inflated double polyethylene film roof, an evaporative cooling wall, a climate controller (Step 50-A; Wadsworth Control System, Arvada, CO), and twin-wall, polycarbonate end walls

temperature extremes often necessitate evaporative cooling systems in the summer and frost protection systems in late winter/early spring to prevent heat damage to fruit and cold damage to floral tissue, respectively. Production systems in western Washington

glasshouse uses natural ventilation, exhaust fans, and evaporative cooling pads to prevent excessive temperatures. After 14 d, all cloves had germinated and the pots were organized into experimental treatment groups. Experimental design. Three N levels and

evaporative cooling, or when necessary, gas heaters and horizontal air flow fans. Temperature and humidity were measured by a data logger (HOBO U12 Temp/RH; Onset, Bourne, MA) inside a radiation shield. Temperature and humidity data were used to calculate

increasing DT observed for SYL at NT of 25 °C was unique among the taxa studied but has been reported for several other plants ( Ranney and Peet, 1994 ). An increase in g s would typically result in increased transpiration and enhanced evaporative cooling

result of the ultraviolet-blocking plastic film that was used to isolate treatment sections on each bench. This plastic film potentially reduced the efficiency of the fan and pad evaporative cooling system used within this greenhouse. Regardless, during

computerized control program (Maximizer Precision 10; Priva Computers Inc., Vineland Station, ON, Canada) monitored, controlled, and recorded greenhouse air temperature. Greenhouse air temperature was regulated by use of evaporative cooling pads and exhaust