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-flavane-3-gallate], and procyanidin B2} in the pulp of four apple cultivars during fruit development. Materials and Methods All laboratory procedures took place at the Aomori Apple Institute Breeding Department Laboratory, Japan, with exception of the

‘Ziraat okulu’ apricots. Provitamin B1 levels were found to vary significantly ( P < 0.05). Procyanidin B2 levels were also found to vary significantly ( P < 0.05). The highest procyanidin B2 level ( 1039.75 μg·g −1 dry matter) was determined in late

, all procyanidins by the standard curve of procyanidin B2, all kaempferol compounds by kaempferol-3-glucoside, and quercetin (Q) compounds (except Q-rutinoside, Q-galactoside, Q-glucoside, Q-rhamnoside, Q-arabinofuranoside, and Q-xyloside) by quercetin

procyanidin B1 (PCB1), procyanidin B2 (PCB2), procyanidin B5 (PCB5), procyanidin C1 (PCC1), and cinnamtannin A2 (CA2) (Planta Analytica, Danbury, CT). These standards were chosen because of their known presence in apples as well as their importance in sensory

, procyanidin B2, and phloridzin dihydrate from Fluka Chemie (Buchs, Switzerland); quercetin 3- O -arabinofuranoside and quercetin 3- O -xyloside from Apin Chemicals (Abingdon, U.K.); and (+)-catechin from Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). Methanol for the extraction

negative effect of 1-MCP on chlorogenic acid and procyanidin B2 has been reported in ‘Cripps Pink’ apple ( Hoang et al., 2011 ) and also in juices of ‘Shampion’ and ‘Idared’ ( Kolniak-Ostek et al., 2014 ). In conclusion, fruit treated with 1-MCP have

537 544 doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.10.004 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.10.004 Xiao, Y. Dong, J.L. Yin, Z.T. Wu, Q.G. Zhou, Y.M. Zhou, X.L. 2018 Procyanidin B2 protects against D-galactose-induced mimetic aging in mice: Metabolites and microbiome analysis Food Chem