researched. Heat stress often decreases the uptake of nutrients in plant tissues or decreases the total content of nutrients in the plants, although effects can vary among nutrients and species ( Giri et al., 2017 ). Hungria and Kaschuk (2014) reported that
, and their leaves turned chlorotic and yellow ( Fig. 1A and B ). Most F 2 plants were sensitive to heat, and leaves died after wilting ( Fig. 1C and D ). Fig. 1. Phenotype analysis of before and after heat stress (HS). ( A and B ) L-9, A-16, and F 1
fixation ( Pollock et al., 1993 ). Accordingly, heat stress negatively impacts agricultural crop production and product quality. Lobell and Field (2007) reported that over the last two decades, warming temperatures have caused annual losses of ≈40 million
ultraviolet radiation ( Liu et al. 2020 ; Zhang et al. 2023 ). Heat stress due to high temperature can negatively affect plant growth, development, and more severely the reproductive stages causing a decrease of crop yield ( Fahad et al. 2017 ; Mirón et
on how to manage heat stress of bell peppers grown inside high tunnels. High tunnels are protected agricultural structures or hoop houses, but they are not greenhouses, although in much of the international literature high tunnels are referred to as
Heat stress is one of the major limiting factors for cool-season perennial grasses in many regions. As a consequence of climate change and global warming, heat stress may have increasingly negative impact on crop growth and persistence. Plants have
proteins ( Richmond and Lang, 1957 ; Selivankina et al., 2001 ). Heat stress has also been reported to accelerate the process of protein degradation ( Gulen and Eris, 2004 ; He et al., 2005 ; Jiang and Huang, 2002 ). Under conditions of high temperature
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) responds to heat stress with a shift in partitioning from tubers to shoots. Enzymes responsible for sucrolysis previously have been used as indicators of sink strength and are likely involved in controlling flow of carbon into developing organs. Changes in activity of enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism were investigated in shoots of two potato cultivars that previously were characterized as susceptible and tolerant to heat stress. Enzyme activity of sucrose synthase (SS) and invertases was determined for mature leaves, young leaves, and stems of plants adapted to 21/19 °C, or after transferring plants to 29/27 °C for 3 days. High temperatures resulted in a nonsignificant increase in activities of SS, acid, and neutral invertase in young growing leaves but not in stems or mature leaves. The combined activity of the two invertases was ≈40 times higher than SS activity in young leaves. There was no temperature genotype interaction with regard to these enzymes in the tissues investigated. A previously reported increase in activity of sucrose-phosphate synthase in mature leaves of plants subjected to high temperature was reversed after these plants were returned to a normal growing temperature.
tolerance between warm-season and cool-season plant species ( DiPaola and Beard, 1992 ; Fry and Huang, 2004 ). Nutrient deficiency under heat stress has been observed in various cool-season turfgrass species, which may largely contribute to growth
Heat stress is a major abiotic factor limiting growth of temperate plant species in many areas during summer months and may become a threat as global warming occurs [ Fry and Huang, 2004 ; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007