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the potential to be a beneficial amendment to potting media. Based on particle size analysis and physical properties, VC may be the most beneficial when used as an alternative supplemental component for peat or coir. Most potting substrates are

The use of brassica crop residues and seed meal to manage soilborne disease has gained interest as an alternative control strategy to traditional soil fumigants. Brassica soil amendments have been found to be effective in reducing soilborne pathogen

viable alternative, providing similar crop yields compared with PE mulch ( Ghimire et al., 2018 ; Moore and Wszelaki, 2019 ; Tofanelli and Wortman, 2020 ), with the benefit of being able to be tilled into the soil at the end of the season. When used in

In past surveys, lawn care and landscape maintenance professionals have reported their willingness to adopt Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies and use nonchemical pest management alternatives ( Braman et al., 1998a ; Garber and Bondari

must be taken into account when farmers want to join integrated production programs or organic farming systems. Recent European Union guidelines promote limited or reduced pesticide use and recommend using physical/nonchemical alternatives ( European

investigating alternative overseeding species is warranted. Meadow fescue ( Festuca pratensis Huds.) and tetraploid perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L., 2 n = 4 x = 28) have been studied for a possible use in turfgrass overseeding programs due to their

in more weed pressure and lower water availability that affected tomato yield. Use of a rye cover crop appears to be a feasible alternative to plastic mulch for tomato production in Alabama. Literature Cited Abdul-Baki, A.A. Teasdale, J.R. Korcak, R

., 2016 ), the operating costs of open field steam applications are likely higher than cost of soil fumigation ( Fennimore and Goodhue, 2016 ). Moreover, steam itself does not induce environmental pollution, but the longer the operating time, the fuel used

Grafting, with selected resistant rootstocks, for the purpose of controlling diseases and pests is an ancient practice widely used in cultivating a variety of woody trees. Some of the well-known examples include controlling tristeza on citrus

The costs of producing ornamental plant species vary among alternative nursery production systems because of differences in planting procedures, growing practices (fertilizing, irrigating, pruning, etc.), and harvesting activities. Common systems