NDVI and LF were determined every 3 d. At the end of the 30 d of study 2, shoots from all the four replications of each treatment were sent to the OSU Soil, Water and Forage Analytical Laboratory (SWFAL), Stillwater, OK, for plant tissue analysis
and Marble, 2022 ). An additional cultural or nonchemical method that could have potential as a weed management tool is “layering” or stratified substrates ( Khamare et al., 2022 ). This is a new area of research in which multiple substrates, or the
obtained from a FAWN (Florida Automated Weather Network) station. Chilling (hours below 7.2 °C) was determined within each location starting during the first week of November and ending on 31 Jan. Three shoots representing growth that occurred the
South China, and shoots twice after harvest, followed by dormancy during November to December. In the spring, the floral bud differentiates and then blossoms in late March to early May, followed by fruit development from late March to August. Sample
rates of each tree. In November of 2010, trees were carefully separated from the soils. Trees were washed with deionized water to remove all soil and all leaves were removed. Trees were cut at the root and shoot interface. Shoots and roots were dried at
shelf life during retailing, and improve landscape performance for the final consumers ( Parađiković et al., 2019 ). Formulated biostimulant products often combine multiple active ingredients and may include microbial and non-microbial components to
; Unrath, 1999 ). It is also very effective in the control of fire blight in the shoot phase of this disease ( Buban et al., 2004 ; Norelli and Miller, 2004 ; Rademacher, 2004 ; Rademacher and Kober, 2003 ; Yoder et al., 1999 ). The timings for the
of samples per parent genotype was 28 as a result of the lack of synchronous flushing by plants on our sampling dates. For plants with multiple flush shoots, the first shoot found to contain leafminers was used to determine abundance for that
experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications of each Se treatment in separate containers holding six plants each. Plants were harvested before anthesis 14 d after Se treatments were initiated. Shoots were triple-rinsed with
Lespinasse, 2001 ; Sherif, 2013 ), and increased branching can improve early flowering of mango due to availability of terminal shoots ( Oosthuyse and Jacobs, 1995 ), although similar relationships are unclear for macadamia. Therefore, it is necessary to