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starch mobilization and identified a new transglucosidase that inhibits starch breakdown. Excessive starch grain accumulation can be associated with imbalances in source/sink relationships or abnormalities with phloem loading or unloading ( Chen and Cheng

, 1992 ). Seasonal source–sink relationships between vegetative and reproductive growth also influence leaf N status; for example, developing fruits during the summer act as an N sink ( Fletcher et al., 2009 ). While it is known that increasing N supply

Phytophthora ( Guest and Grant, 1991 ). Phosphite movement tends to be regulated by source–sink relationships ( Guest and Grant, 1991 ). In this case, the source is leaflet tissue of existing leaves and the sink is the newly emerging spear leaf. It is not

, M.C. Spencer-Phillips, P.T. 1996 Effects of pathogens and parasitic plants on source-sink relationships, p. 479–499. In: E. Zamski and A.A. Schaffer (eds.). Photoassimilate distribution in plants and crops. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY Bazzaz, F

, functional–structural plant models have been developed to study plant reproductive and vegetative growth from the perspectives of carbohydrate partitioning and source–sink relationships ( Allen et al., 2005 ; Da Silva et al., 2014 ; DeJong et al., 2011

relationships in ‘Titan’ red raspberry Acta Hort. 352 151 157 Fernandez, G.C. Pritts, M.P. 1994 Growth, carbon acquisition, and source-sink relationships in ‘Titan’ red raspberry J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 119 1163 1168 Fernandez, G.E. Pritts, M.P. 1996 Carbon

Source-sink relationships (mainly leaves vs. reproductive organs) play an important role in fruit growth and quality with respect to fruit size, color, and chemical composition. Grape is a species well suited for exploring the mechanisms that govern

photosynthesis rate ( Proietti et al., 2000 ) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters ( Wen et al., 2018a ). Furthermore, various leaves have different source–sink relationships, resulting in differences in assimilate partitioning and carbon contributions to

shading and relation to endogenous abscisic acid Scientia Hort. 36 281 292 Yuan, R. Huang, H. 1993 Regulation of root and shoot growth and fruit-drop of young litchi trees by trunk girdling in view of source-sink

organization based on source-sink relationship: New findings on developmental, biochemical and molecular responses to environment 263 280 Roubelakis-Angelakis K.A. Molecular biology & biotechnology of grapevine Kluwer Academic Publishers