49 COLLOQUIUM 2 (Abstr. 006–011) Biological Control Approaches for Successful Stand Establishment
Weeds are a major problem in cutting propagation, but management is difficult due to lack of viable control methods. Weed control in propagation is commonly addressed by manual removal (hand weeding), which is time-consuming and labor
-Robertson et al., 1990 ; Fretz, 1972 ; Walker and Williams, 1989 ). Two common management practices for weed control in container plant production are hand weeding and herbicide applications. Hand weeding is an increasingly expensive option because of
Herbicide use is an important component of weed management in field nursery crops. No single herbicide controls all weed species. Oxyfluorfen, simazine, and isoxaben are preemergence herbicides effective against broadleaf weeds. Oryzalin, pendimethalin, and prodiamine are effective in preemergence control of grasses and some small-seeded broadleaf weeds. Metolachlor is the only herbicide currently labeled for nursery crops that is effective in preemergence nutsedge (Cyperus) control. Fluazifop-butyl, sethoxydim, and clethodim are selective postemergence herbicides used for grass control. Glyphosate, paraquat, and glufosinate are nonselective postemergence herbicides used in directed spray applications for broad-spectrum weed control. Bentazon, halosulfuron, and imazaquin are effective postemergence nutsedge herbicides. These herbicides are discussed with respect to their chemical class, mode of action, labeled rates, and current research addressing their effectiveness in nursery crops.
weed control practices are critical in olive orchards to reduce competition for valuable inputs such as water, nutrients, and sunlight, as well as to reduce the likelihood of negative impacts from pests (insects, nematodes, and pathogens) residing on
Weed control in matted-row strawberry culture systems of the Pacific Northwest (PNW) is a difficult challenge. Like in most of the northern United States, PNW strawberries are usually produced in a three-year cycle with tillage used for weed and
Abstract
Postemergence and preemergence herbicides were evaluated for crop phytotoxicity and weed control in seepage-irrigated ‘Bristol Fairy’ gypsophila (Gypsophila paniculata L.). DCPA, napropamide, pronamide, and oryzalin were severely injurious to gypsophila. Metolachlor, oxyfluorfen, alachlor, and oxadiazon provided varying degrees of weed control and did not reduce plant vigor or yield. Best weed control was provided by two applications of 4.48 kg·ha-1 oxadiazon. Chemical names used: dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA); 2-(napthoxy)-N, N-diethylpropionamide (napropamide); 3,5-dichloro(N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide (pronamide); 4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide (oryzalin); 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide (metolachlor); 2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (oxyfluorfen); 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide (alachlor); 3-[2,4-dichloro-5-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl]-5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one (oxadiazon).
Weed control is a major issue in jack-o-lantern pumpkin production as a result of the limited number of registered herbicides ( Walters et al., 2008 ). Many of the herbicides currently registered for pumpkins have potential crop injury risks, high
foundation of soilborne disease and weed control in California strawberries ( Wilhelm, 1966 ). Methyl bromide in combination with chloropicrin (Pic) (Tri-Cal, Hollister, CA) controls weeds, soilborne pathogens, and nematodes ( Wilhelm and Paulus, 1980
/m 2 over a 30-d growing season. In the organic soils of the EAA, negative effects of weed interference on radish are due to lack of registered effective preemergence or postemergence herbicides for broad-spectrum weed control. Many soil