management in citrus groves greatly varies depending on the type of crop, producer, location, and availability of resources. Citrus growers use a combination of mechanical, chemical, and cultural methods to control weeds. Among various methods of weed control
Weed management in organic production systems is an integration of cultural, mechanical, and chemical weed control components uniquely tailored for each location and crop. Chemical weed control in certified organic cropping systems allows for use of
). In addition to the mulches, we included two treatments without mulch, no mulch + no weed control and no mulch + weed control, to separate the effect of weed control from the overall mulch effect. Specific objectives of the project were to determine
control in hazelnut is normally achieved with two glyphosate applications, one in early spring and the other before harvest to facilitate the collection of nuts from the ground. However, alternative weed control strategies are needed for integrated weed
, has been widely used under polyethylene mulch for effective weed control in vegetable production, including bell pepper ( Duniway, 2002 ). However, because of its ozone-depleting potential, methyl bromide is being phased out from the U.S. agricultural
). Growers in the EAA typically rely on preemergence application of S -metolachlor to provide early-season weed control followed by postemergence application of bentazon for broadleaf weed control in combination with sethoxydim for grass control. However
( Spinacia oleracea ) grown on ∼16,316 ha ( Griffin and White 1955 ; Tourte et al. 2019 ). Farmers have traditionally used hand weeding as part of their weed control program, but labor costs are increasing, and labor is in short supply. Hand weeding costs
). With medium-scale to large-scale production, plastic mulch adds significantly to the production cost for the farmer; therefore, it is essential to identify the herbicide options for weed control when the grower is unable to afford the additional cost
Many studies have analyzed the benefits and disadvantages of common weed control techniques in urban or suburban landscape settings as they pertain to weed control. In most cases, homeowners or landscapers will use mulch (organic or inorganic
the use of more naturally occurring herbicides need alternatives that effectively provide season-long weed control. Although corn gluten meal has shown promise as an early season preemergent herbicide in vegetable production, any uncontrolled weeds can