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Axillary buds from 5-month-old seedlings of Azadirachta excelsa Linn. were surface-sterilized twice with 1.35% (m/v) and 1.05% (m/v) of sodium hypochlorite for 25 and 15 minutes, respectively, before culturing on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing combinations of BA and NAA. A combination of 4.4 μM BA + 0.5 μM NAA induced the most axillary buds to grow (eight per explant). Subsequent proliferation of the micropropagated shoots on this medium yielded abnormal shoots. The best medium for maximum proliferation of these micropropagated shoots contained 3.3 μM BA and 0.27 μM NAA. On this medium about four normal shoots were produced per explant. These findings indicate that two different media are needed for successful micropropagation of sentang. Chemical names used: N 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

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, distribution, and average length. Bud selection has been reported to promote lateral branching in central and multiple leader sweet cherry training systems ( Hoying et al., 2001 ) and, in this study, increased desirable shoot number and improved distribution of

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buds and multiple shoots developed at all zeatin concentrations ( Fig. 1B ). An interaction ( P ≤ 0.05) between zeatin concentration and subculture period was observed for shoot number, shoot height, and number of leaves per shoot ( Table 1 ). Zeatin

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) multiple shoots in A. canadensis cotyledon culture; ( F ) multiple shoots in A. racemosus cotyledon culture; ( G ) calli derived from A. racemosus cotyledon culture; ( H ) small plantlets from A. racemosus callus subculture; ( I ) plantlet of A

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treatments evaluated. Young buds induced an average of 11.2 shoots per explant, whereas mature buds induced 6.2 shoots per explant. These results suggest that bud position in the stem (physiological age) is a determining factor for adventitious multiple soot

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present study were 1) to examine the response of intersectional hybrids between shashanbo and highbush blueberry ‘Spartan’ to different pH levels; and 2) to establish an in vitro screening system using multiple shoots to identify individuals that exhibit

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effective for multiplication of clones, it is expensive and often generates somatic mutations ( Padmanabhan et al., 1974 ). The complete decapitation method (CDM), which regenerates multiple shoots from the cut surfaces of the main and lateral stems of

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accumulated in shoot tissues were related to turf quality ratings. Stepwise multiple regressions were done by using turf quality as a response variable and 13 mineral concentrations plus K/Na ratio as predictor variables, and significance was chosen at the

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0.1 and 2 mg/L showed values ranging between 2.58 and 8.58, higher than the other media. ZR and 2-iP were not able to induce multiple shoot formation and, in both cases, the number of shoots per explants was lower than the control (hormone

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patterns of chimera generation. To eliminate the chimeras, an efficient protocol was developed for purifying isogenic transformants through multiple rounds of shoot regeneration processes. Based on the fact that the transgenes were inherited to the second

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