g·ha −1 of GA applied 2 weeks before harvest improved plant height and yields. Dainello et al. (1985) got the best fall spinach yield response with GA 3 at 15 to 20 g·ha −1 applied 7 to 14 d before harvest. Johnson et al. (1989) recommended GA
investigated to determine the effects of planting angle, height of cordon bending to horizontal, and selective bud removal on number of structural shoots, shoot growth and distribution, and early fruiting potential. Materials and Methods Unbranched (whip
.5 ± 1 and 18.0 ± 1 °C, respectively. High-pressure sodium lamps delivered a supplemental photosynthetic photon flux of ≈190 µmol·m −2 ·s −1 at plant height [as measured with a quantum sensor (LI-190 SB; LI-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NE)] when ambient
plant height to the canopy diameter, indicating the plant architecture. The ADR may vary substantially among cultivars because of the numerous species that have been used to breed yellow-flowering magnolia. Because the ADR is an important criterion when
analyzer (Ciras-3; PP Systems, Amesbury, MA) between 1000 and 1200 hr , with in-cuvette conditions of 390 ppm CO 2 and 1000 µmol quanta/m 2 /s of PAR. Nondestructive plant growth variables included stem height and diameter measured 10 cm above the surface
were collected throughout the experiment. Plant height (centimeters) was determined by measuring the highest point of the foliage from the surface of the substrate and plant diameter (centimeters) by measuring the widest point and its perpendicular axis
practice to control stem elongation needed for compact plant production. Daminozide, chlormequat chloride, or paclobutrazol sprays reduce plant height but need to be repeated regularly ( Conover et al., 1968 ; De Baerdemaeker et al., 1994 ; De Graaf
. Therefore, there were 16 replicates for each genotype × treatment level. Plant height at planting was 27.6 ± 0.7 and 25.3 ± 0.5 cm for S. alba and S. tomentosa , respectively, with no significant differences among ecotypes of either species. Some of the
-samples (pooled) per treatment. Plants were evaluated after 4 weeks in the greenhouse for percent survival (any visible growth), plant height (substrate line to tallest leaf), and shoot dry weight (severed at soil level and dried 3 d at 70 °C). Greenhouse Expt. 2
be harvested by machine (Canadian microgreen growers, personal communications). Also, most microgreen species are harvested with a minimum height of around 5 cm, according to Kyriacou et al. (2016) . Although plant elongation can be promoted by