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groups (i.e., North American species, European species, and East Asian species), although there was little overlap between the European species and East Asian species, which is consistent with the geography [i.e., North America, East Asia, and Europe

Scientific: Karl Lundy and Gary Powell Changes by Date Monday, 21 July Oral Session 2: Biotechnology 1 Change in presenting author : Clone S-RNase cDNAs and Establish CSP-PCR-RFLP System for Cultivars S-genotyping in Chinese Sand Pear

Pyrus (Rosaceae) contains ≈22 species of trees originating from Asia, northern Africa, and Europe that have been cultivated extensively as both fruit and landscape plants ( Challice, 1973 ). Pyrus calleryana was first introduced into cultivation

of Dongliu No.1 litchi fruits Chin. J. Trop. Crops 32 796 799 Liu, Z.Q. Chen, J.H. Zheng, Y.T. Jiang, G.Q. 2016 Effect of different pollination varieties on Qingxiang pear fruit quality Asian Agr. Res. 8 92 94 Lu, B. Shao, Z.X. Yang, W.M. Ning, D

–80 °C. Similarly, previous studies on various other fruit cultivars (e.g., apple, almond, pear, and olive) showed that preservation of pollen viability could be achieved optimally at –20 °C and –80 °C of storage ( Imani et al., 2011 ; Martínez

(Jork9, M26, Gala, and McIntosh) ( Caboni et al., 2000 ). Cotyledons are sometimes used as potential explants for genetic transformation ( Ellul et al., 2003 ; Sujatha et al., 2012 ). In Asian pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) cultivar Imamuraaki, of the

, Asian pears were softer at cold temperatures, although there was some variability between cultivars ( Chen et al., 1987 ). Banana has also been reported to exhibit reduced firmness at lower temperatures ( Banks and Joseph, 1991 ). This was considered to

Sorbus (mountain ash), Malus Mill. (apple), Pyrus L. (pear), Amelanchier Med. (serviceberry), Crataegus L. (hawthorn), and several other woody plants with pomes or apple-like fruits ( Campbell et al., 2007 ). Hybridization between species within

color, firmness, total soluble solids, and ascorbic acid and anthocyanin synthesis in apples ( Malus × domestica ) and pears ( Pyrus communis ) compared with control. Islam et al. (2017) reported that preharvest bagging of mango ( Mangifera indica

, Burma, and the Malay archipelago, and subsequently dispersed into other lands in southeast Asia, accompanied by local differentiation (e.g., Gmitter and Hu, 1990 ; Scora, 1975 ; Webber, 1967 ). The three edible ancestral species of the main commercial