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dihydrogen phosphate (H 2 PO 4 − ) and then to hydrogen phosphate (HPO 4 2− ) occurs at pH 2.1 and 7.2, respectively ( Schachtman et al., 1998 ). Plants can only absorb P as the free orthophosphate ions H 2 PO 4 − and HPO 4 2− ( Becquer et al., 2014

was also suspected that phytotoxicity was associated with the low pH of ABA solutions, which varied from pH = 2.8 for 3200 mg·L −1 to pH = 3.8 for 200 mg·L −1 . However, buffered ABA solutions to neutral pH led to more injury at equal concentration

mixture (4000 g n × 10 min), the aqueous phase was separated and adjusted to pH 2.8 with 1 m acetic acid and partitioned against 100% ethyl acetate. After being spun down at 16,000 g n for 2 min, the upper organic phase was recovered and completely

rate of 0.5 mL·min −1 with absorbance measured at 254 nm. Sample injection volume was 5 µL, each with duplicate HPLC injections. Mobile phase was buffered potassium phosphate monobasic (KH 2 PO 4 , 0.5%, w/v) at pH 2.5 with metaphosphoric acid (HPO 3

ruthenium red for 20 min and observed for red color ( Jensen, 1962 ). A 1% Alcian blue 8GX solution in 3% acetic acid (pH 2.5) was applied to tissue sections for 20 min, rinsed with water, and the sections were examined for blue color under visible radiation

, NC). The organic compost had average properties of 6.9 pH, 2.91 mS·cm −1 electric conductivity, and a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 10.9:1. Estimated available nutrients for the crop are 0.6% N, 0.03% phosphorus (P), 0.2% K, 10.3% calcium (Ca), 0

aqueous solution were used as the mobile phase, the flow rate was 0.4 mL⋅min −1 , the detection wavelength was 255 nm, and the injection volume was 10 μL. A 1-g sample was ground with 10 mL of isopropanol hydrochloric acid buffer (pH = 2.2; isopropanol

cool to room temperature, and the solution was filtered through wet filter paper and collected in a 50-mL volumetric flask. The residue was mixed with 20 mL of citrate buffer (pH 2.2) and the amino acid profile was determined using an automatic amino

Clear (Floralife Inc., Walterboro, SC) at double strength (2× = 32 mL·L −1 water; pH = 2.78; soluble solids = 1.4%). Crystal Clear contains no hormones and did not affect the rate of budbreak in comparison with water but did reduce bacterial growth in

1 and PH2), year, and GDD 45, 60, 90, and 120 DAFB as variables indicated that only GDD 60 DAFB explained significant variation (41%) in diffuse flesh browning. Further ANOVA using GDD 50, 55, 65, and 75 DAFB as variables resulted in 19% of the