; Muscolo et al., 1999 , 2007 ), chelating abilities ( Ouni et al., 2014 ), and influence on root architecture ( Trevisan et al., 2010 ). The addition of these compounds to growing medium has been shown to increase leaf and shoot growth in young seedlings
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Allison D. Oakes, Tyler Desmarais, William A. Powell, and Charles A. Maynard
Christopher Vincent, Diane Rowland, and Bruce Schaffer
of the potting media. The stem height:diameter ratio was calculated from these measurements. Root architectural variables included total root length (TRL), total surface area (TSA), and average diameter and were measured using a minirhizotron system
Andrey Vega-Alfaro, Paul C. Bethke, and James Nienhuis
; Penella et al., 2017 ; Sabatino et al., 2018 ; Suchoff et al., 2019 ). In some cases, rootstocks provide scions an altered root architecture that reduces requirements for water and fertilizer inputs compared with nongrafted plants ( Colla et al., 2010
Luther C. Carson and Monica Ozores-Hampton
at 30°C and 40°C Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 31 959 973 10.1080/00103620009370490 Jacobs, D.F. Rose, R. Haase, D.L. 2003 Development of douglas-fir seedling root architecture in response to localized nutrient supply Can. J. For. Res. 33 118 125 10
Chenping Xu and Beiquan Mou
, and metabolism resulting from increases in soil microbial activity, improvement of micronutrient mobility and solubility, modifications in the root architecture of plants, in particular root length, density and number of lateral roots, and increases in
Laurie E. Trenholm and Jerry B. Sartain
.1007/s11104-006-0036-x Bowman, D.C. Cherney, C.T. Rufty, T.W. 2002 Fate and transport of nitrogen applied to six warm-season turfgrasses Crop Sci. 42 833 841 Bowman, D.C. Devitt, D.A. Engelke, M.C. Rufty, T.W. 1998 Root architecture affects nitrate
Valdinar Ferreira Melo, Edvan Alves Chagas, Raphael Henrique da Silva Siqueira, Olisson Mesquita de Souza, Luís Felipe Paes de Almeida, Diogo Francisco Rossoni, Pollyana Cardoso Chagas, and Carlos Abanto-Rodríguez
Mairhofer, S. Zappala, S. Tracy, S.R. Sturrock, C. Bennett, M. Mooney, S.J. Pridmore, T. 2012 RooTrak: Automated recovery of three-dimensional plant root architecture in soil from X-ray microcomputed tomography images using visual tracking Plant Physiol. 158
Abu Shamim Mohammad Nahiyan and Yoh-ichi Matsubara
root architecture in strawberry and induced resistance to the root pathogen Phytophthora fragariae Plant Soil 185 191 198 Ozgonen, H. Erkilic, A. 2007 Growth enhancement and Phytophthora blight ( Phytophthora capsici Leonian) control by arbuscular
Allison H. Justice, James E. Faust, and Julia L. Kerrigan
-3054.2007.00983.x Sukumar, P. Legue, V. Vayssières, A. Martin, F. Tuskan, G. Kalluri, U. 2013 Involvement of auxin pathways in modulating root architecture during beneficial plant–microorganism interactions Plant Cell Environ. 36 909 919 10.1111/pce.12036 Vadassery
Thomas Björkman and Stephen Reiners
concentrations of orthophosphate are extremely low and rarely exceed 10 µM ( Bieleski, 1973 ). Some plants have evolved strategies to optimize acquisition of P from soil, including modifications to root architecture to increase soil exploration, release of root